Southwest Urban Emergency Shelter Network Planning And Optimization Model

Towns emergency shelter is important to respond to emergencies victims placement facilities, the town is safe for people to avoid the dangerous areas of shelter. Southwest China with the development of urban modernization, human activities on the natural environment of the Southwest Mountain complex transformation activity increasing, towns and secondary natural disaster emergencies become more frequent, resulting in the loss of the town’s growing southwest town emergency shelter construction We have made great progress, but also there have been some ineffective disaster emergency shelters and other issues, such as disaster shelters connectivity between weak, focusing on the construction of the neglect of the individual mutual cooperation and coordination and so on. Therefore, in order to meet the new requirements of rapid urbanization on urban disaster prevention and mitigation proposed, comply with relevant national disaster prevention and mitigation policy needs, and optimize urban disaster prevention system construction planning mode to reduce losses caused by disasters on cities and towns, improve anti towns disaster mitigation capacity is related to the health and safety of millions of people a major livelihood issues, urban planning is also an important subject to learn.Disaster prevention and mitigation system is a complex system, including the various subsystems, and emergency shelter system is a complex system of disaster prevention and mitigation subsystems. There are various methods for the analysis of complex systems, complex network analysis method is directed to a method of network analysis of complex systems analysis and social network analysis is a complex network analysis in one way. To this end, urban planning coherence chemicals spatial thinking and social network analysis theory, condensed "urban disaster prevention and reduction in emergency shelters network evolution mechanism" scientific issues, drawing on technical methods of social network analysis, from emergency shelters within the system overall perspective, the interaction and relationships between mining shelter emergency shelter system, build a network model to analyze the evolution of the network structure and stability, balance, vulnerability, etc., derived emergency shelters in disaster prevention process the evolutionary mechanisms. In summing up the emergency shelter system as a whole, local, individual characteristics, based on the qualitative and quantitative analysis of problems in emergency shelters, emergency shelter explore the site layout, hierarchy, division, individual configuration principles and methods to make up for routine physical space technical defects and lack of linkages between different material elements form study. This as a breakthrough for emergency shelters and facilities planning and layout configuration optimization and improvement, promoting urban emergency shelter planning principles and methods of exploration.First, the current situation and the southwest town of emergency shelter spaces were studied using the current situation. Through economic, spatial, demographic land, urban earthquake disaster situations southwest region before, and so the use of places of refuge status quo Southwest Township Emergency overview of the problem. In recent years, urban disaster situation for Southwest select network research sample, determine the Lushan County, Ya’an City as the research object, and the basic situation of the selected study sample are described, provide a basis for further research.Secondly, the network model Lushan county disaster emergency shelters constructed. Using social network analysis theory and two-mode network conversion method to determine the "point" and "line" and converts relational data to build two-mode network data is converted to multi-value data of the adjacent phalanx; With Ucinet6.0, Pajek software platform, Construction of the six stages of the study sample network model, the network structure of the initial judgment.Third, Lushan county emergency shelter network structure analysis. Respectively on the overall network, the combination of a subgroup analysis of individual characteristics, stability, vulnerability, structural balance and relevance network structure evaluated. Through the network density, cohesion coefficient, average distance, Lambda collection to determine the network overall degree of stability and association; to the center of the network and K- value analysis to determine the degree of partial equilibrium and stable network; by cutting the number of individual network points and determine the proportion of network vulnerability; the final stage of the six emergency shelters network analysis of comprehensive evaluation, "4-15 days after the earthquake," the most efficient emergency evacuation site, "reconstruction" integrated ranked only fourth, and not meet emergency shelter needs.Fourth, Lushan county emergency shelter network of strategic studies systematic. Mainly from two levels, one for the network structure itself, on planning and policy recommendations from the network structure stability, vulnerability and degree of structural balance in three areas; the second is based on physical form planning Lushan county shelters, respectively stability, vulnerability, structural balance and other indicators based on network structure, physical form guide planning emergency shelters. Including the number of re-planning of the reconstruction stage emergency shelters size of 39 points, its reasonable level again divided into three levels, adjust and optimize the emergency shelter facility itself configuration.In this paper, the method of introduction of the social network analysis, quantitative and qualitative analysis of emergency shelter system problems make up a conventional Spatial Form of substances not paid much attention to the material elements interconnected inadequate; the composition of the system of emergency shelters as a whole complex system analysis, breaking the conventional study of emergency shelters monomers. Fusion residential distribution, distribution of shelter, pay attention to the interactive relationship between emergency shelters and settlements, breaking the traditional emphasis on the morphological form of emergency shelter space layout, while ignoring the inherent correlation between emergency shelters unity defect. Proposed emergency shelters planned specific strategy to provide new ideas for the planning and construction of emergency shelters and disaster operations.