Study On Spatial Structure Evolution And Its Disaster Prevention Strategy Of Coastal City In Rapid Urbanization Context

With the unique natural environment and superior geographic conditions, coastal cities have always been one of the most vibrant regions in China’s economic and social development, especially as the rapid development of urbanization and the proposition of strategies like “construct the marine powerful nation” “develop the marine economy regions”, many of the coastal cities have took the coastal areas as the focal point, and marine development has become the most important impetuses to the economic and social development of our country in the new era. Due to this trend, the spatial structure of coastal cities is changing dramatically and differently both in external form and internal functions, and also leads to many new disaster problems. On the other hand, the characteristic that located in the border region between the sea and the land puts the coastal cities under a common threat coming from both sides, which causes more disaster-causing factors and disaster losses. People is forced to rethink the security issues of coastal cities, and their disaster prevention is emphasized to an unprecedented height.Taking this as the background, this paper selects the China’s eastern coastal cities as a study which is a leader in the urbanization development to summarize the common characteristics of spatial structure evolution to coastal cities in the process of rapid urbanization through qualitative and quantitative analysis. Then combining with the main disaster threats, it discusses the hazard and its formation mechanism that caused by the coastal cities’ spatial evolution from the perspective of total process and system structure by utilizing the multi-disciplinary knowledge. On this basis, it establishes the strategy framework of comprehensive disaster prevention to coastal cities’ spatial evolution based on principles of overall plan and general coordination, including normal disaster prevention strategy that combining with the existing urban planning system and shelter system planning to emergency.Finally, the proposed strategies in this paper are applied to the weitou-bay new town in Jinjiang of Quanzhou, Fujian Province as an example. Combining with the features of reclamation and its main disaster threats, this paper discusses the efficiency of comprehensive disaster prevention and its optimization strategies to the new town from perspective of normal disaster prevention like location and function and emergency preparedness like shelter and evacuation with the aid of digital technology like GIS.