Research On Regional Eco-Compensation For Air Pollution In Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Region Based On The Cost

Air pollution control in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region is not only one of the most important aspects to promote the joint development in this region, but also the key task in the construction of ecological civilization. Though the natural conditions are in charge of the serious air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region, the improper industry-structure and energy-structure are the sources of the environmental problems. By summarizing the policies and the cooperation among various districts, this study finds that there is imperfection in the operating mechanism and the interaction among different subjects when they attempt joint regional air pollution control. Based on the regional externality, this study compares the application conditions and effect of different institutions, and discusses the cases in China, then presents the regional eco-compensation in three dimensions as who should take the responsibilities for the compensation, how the compensation should be carried out and what should be considered in determining the standard of the compensation. The regional eco-compensation in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region should be built on the cost of air pollution abatement and the loss of dissolving capacity, so this study analyzes the smoke-dust abatement cost among Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei as well as the opportunity cost of job loss in steel industry in Hebei empirically. If it follows the principle of efficiency, Hebei should abate more pollution while Beijing and Tianjin should compensate Hebei for its contribution to the environmental enhancement. And if it follows the principle of fairness, the central government and the local governments in Beijing and Tianjin should compensate the opportunity cost of Hebei when it makes great efforts to conserve the energy and reduce the emission. At last, this study advises that it would be efficient to found a regional eco-compensation fund and establish union development zones by Beijing, Tianjin and Hebei to construct the regional eco-compensation mechanism for air pollution control.