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The Research On Multi-sink Deployment And Routing Algorithm In Wireless Sensor Networks

Posted on:2017-01-14Degree:MasterType:Thesis
Country:ChinaCandidate:F LiFull Text:PDF
GTID:2308330503953830Subject:Control Science and Engineering
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Wireless Sensor Networks(WSNs) are multi-hop self-organized networks, which are composed of a large number of low cost micro-sensors with limited calculation and communication ability. It can monitor the environment, complete information perception and data transmission. The network is easy to deploy, and is widely used in the field of agricultural production, environmental monitoring, remote medical treatment and so on. With the development of technology, deploying large-scale WSNs is becoming more and more popular. In large-scale WSNs, the sensors deployed in the environment are generally powered by a small battery with limited energy and are not easy to replace in the application process. Deploying multiple sink nodes in the network can reduce the hops from common sensor nodes to the sink node, so as to avoid premature death of some sensor nodes,and prolong the life of the network. The number and position of sink nodes and an energy efficient routing algorithm for WSNs have a great impact on the network life. Therefore, it is significant to study the energy efficient routing algorithm for multi-sink WSNs and the deployment of multi-sink nodes in WSNs. In addition, when a sink node fails, it has important significance to study the multi-sink routing algorithm with fault tolerance mechanism in multi-sink WSNs. The main works of this paper are as follows:(1) Analyze the clustering routing protocols for multi-sink WSNs deeply, and summarize the principle of multi-sink clustering routing protocols. Then, I proposed an energy balanced multi-sink clustering routing algorithm(EBMCR). In the cluster head selection phase, the EBMCR algorithm considered the residual energy level of sensor nodes and the distance between sensor nodes and sink nodes to select the cluster head. In the inter-cluster communication process, the EBMCR algorithm adopted multi-hop transmission mode, calculating the energy consumption of the path, the minimum residual energy of the path and the hops from the sensor node to the sink node, to select the optimalpath to the best sink nodes. Simulation results show that the EBMCR algorithm can balance the network energy effectively and prolong the network life.(2) Study the deployment strategy of multi-sink nodes. I proposed a multi-sink deployment strategy based on improved particle swarm clustering optimization(IPSCO) algorithm for WSNs.The IPSCO algorithm is a combination of the improved particle swarm optimization algorithm and K-means clustering algorithm. According to the sink nodes number K, the IPSCO algorithm divides the sensor nodes in the whole network area into K clusters on the distance between them, making the total within-class scatter to minimum, and outputs the center of each cluster. Then, we can deploy multiple sink nodes in the center of each cluster, to achieve the effects of partition network reasonably and deploy multi-sink nodes optimally. The simulation result shows that the deployment strategy can prolong the network lifetime.(3) Study the routing algorithm with fault tolerance mechanism in the case of the failure of any sink node in multi-sink WSNs. We adopt multiple routing paths fault tolerant mechanism. Firstly,divide the whole network into K sub networks by the IPSCO algorithm above. Secondly, in each sub network area, using the particle swarm optimization clustering algorithm, cluster the sensor nodes in each region, and then select the nodes which is closer to the cluster center and with higher energy level as the cluster head. Lastly, in the inter cluster routing process, considering the energy consumption of the path, the minimum residual energy of the path, and the number of hops in the path, select the best path to the sink of this sub network area as the main route, and select the optimal path to other sink nodes as an alternative route. Once the sink node of this sub network fails, the alternate routing path is started immediately. Simulation experiments show that the algorithm can enable alternative path to transmit data when a sink node fails, so as to improve the packet reception rate.Finally, the paper summarizes and prospects the main research results and conclusions, and puts forward some problems worthy for further research.
Keywords/Search Tags:Multi-sink wireless sensor networks, energy balanced, routing algorithm, multi-sink deployment algorithm, fault-tolerant mechanism
PDF Full Text Request
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