Studying Of Creating New Reserves Wheat Germplasm With Disease Resistance And Good Agronomic Traits With MAS Technology By Using CIMMYT Resources

Germplasm is the base of breed improvement and an important resource to deal with all kinds of environmental stress. It is important for breeding to breed polymer material carrying multiple resistance genes,but phenotypic selection breeding method is difficult to identify two or more resistance gene at the same time in the traditional way,however,which has been simple by MAS technology.The RL6077(springness, resistance of Ug99 and other multiple resistance genes) from CIMMYT and Xinong979, Zhoumai27 and other important materials were used as parents to build F2:3 and backcross population. The wheatear(springiness, high yield, possessing disease resistance gene and 7DL?7Ag translocation) cultivated by CIMMYT and Yunong 982 were used as parents to build RIL population though winter and spring sexual hybridization. For finding(1) new wheat germplasms with disease resistance against possible invasion of Ug99 and(2) creating new winter disease-resistant materials with double translocation lines(7DL?7Ag and1BL/1Rs) and good agronomic traits.The specific plan:Building the F2:3, backcross and RIL population, We applied specific molecular markers to detect disease resistance genes and translocation type while identified the field resistance to disease and selected excellent agronomic traits. The main results were as follows:1.Early,we select 503 plants with excellent agronomic traits in RL6077 genetic groups, 338 plants from F2:3 population and 165 plants from backcross population, the result of detecting disease resistance genes were as follows: There are 278 plants with the Lr68 gene, 305 plants with the Sr2/Yr30 genes and 245 plants with Lr68/Sr2/Yr30 genes in F2:3 population; There are 103 plants with the Lr68 gene, 159 plants with the Sr2/Yr30 genes and 97 plants with Lr68/Sr2/Yr30 genes in F2:3 population.2. Early,we select 738 plants with excellent agronomic traits in RIL population. the result of detecting disease resistance genes were as follows: There are 324 plants with the 1BL/1Rs translocation lines, 403 plants with no-1BL/1Rs, 353 plants with 7DL?7Ag translocation lines and 382 plants with no-7DL?7Ag translocation lines. In addition, there are 115 plants with 1BL/1Rs&7DL?7Ag translocation lines, 15.37% of the test population.3. many agronomic traits of F2:3 and backcross population were between two parents and the progenies inherited agronomic characteristics of the parents. The 1000-grain weight of plants with Lr68/Sr2/Yr30 genes were higher than those without Lr68/Sr2/Yr30 genes. F2:3 population were more likely to detect the resistance genes and backcross population offspring had more chances to choose new germplasms with excellent agronomic traits to satisfy the breeding target. So we created 72 winterness wheats with excellent agronomic traits and resistance to Ug99 in F2:3 population, 48 in backcross population.4.In the RIL population, there was a significant difference in the thousand grain weigh and leaf width in 1BL/1Rs translocation lines and no-1BL/1Rs. Compared with no-7DL?7Ag translocation lines, the 7DL?7Ag lines showed significantly higher in peduncle length and grain number per ear. The result of field resistance identification showed the translocation line had good comprehensive resistance to disease. We finally chosed 54 winterness wheats with double translocation lines and excellent agronomic traits.