Research On Partition-based Uneven Clustering Routing Protocol In 3-D Underground

Due to the relatively closed and complex structure of coal mining region, the mine accidents occurred frequently in our country. Construction of WSN(wireless sensor network) based intelligent security monitoring system will effectively improve the ability of monitoring and early warning capabilities, making it be the focal point of coal mine enterprise safety production and technological innovation development. The deployment of sensor nodes is the basis of the work of wireless sensor network, which affect the performance of the whole network, and energy limited is a serious problem in WSN. Therefore, node deployment and routing protocols are studied in this paper, and it mainly focus on clustering routing algorithm and three-dimensional space nodes deployment.In the sensor nodes deployment, the node sensing model, coverage problem and deployment in mine are analyzed. According to the particularity of coal mine tunnel environment, the deployment model is put forward. The triangular prism filling unit is chosen as the model of tunnel deployment based on the spatial tessellations theory. In order to further improve the node coverage quality and reduce the cost of the deployment model, triangular pyramid model is designed based on the triangular prism model. Theoretically, the coverage problems of the two deployment models are analyzed based on the computational geometry. Finally, simulation experiments are carried out on the deployment models, the simulation results show that the two models are better than the rectangular deployment model, and the triangular pyramid model is better than triangular prism model. But the distribution of cluster heads is insufficient.In WSN routing protocols, some classical clustering routing protocols are studied, and the disadvantages of clustering routing protocols in mine are found. According to the characteristics of mine tunnel, two kinds of clustering routing protocols, GIDR protocol and UCRPP protocol, are designed. In this paper, improving energy efficiency is the first consideration for the design of routing protocols. Clustering is carried out through residual energy of nodes and broadcast factor in GIDR, and multi-hop communication can be achieved in optimal path between cluster heads and sink node by using greedy algorithm. The effect of residual energy expectation, retransmission factor and residual energy are combined with the greedy basis. The concept of directional area is introduced in the routing selection. The simulation results show that GIDR has better performance in energy consumption and energy balance, which is suitable for the tunnel safety data monitoring.According to the virtual cell idea of GAF algorithm, the mine tunnel is divided into non-uniform area in UCRPP. In the transmission path selection, the deficiency of the greedy algorithm is found. To optimize the greedy algorithm, UCRPP protocol uses semi-greedy algorithm to construct communication path. The two hop communication energy consumption cost evaluation function is proposed as the greedy method. Using the unequal probability of the roulette method to select the next hop node can improve the traditional semi greedy algorithm, which make the node with high residual energy easier to be selected as the next hop node. Simulation results show that the UCRPP protocol is superior to other protocols in terms of energy consumption, network lifetime, network cost and so on. Therefore, the UCRPP protocol is more suitable for the data monitoring of mine tunnel space.