| Our country is major nation in tea industry. It is adequate in oil-tea camellia with high output, wide distribution and rich variety, which can not be comparable by other countries. In the routine production, after the squeeze for tea oil, camellia oil cake,regarded as agricultural wastes, is directly abandoned or incinerated due to the limitation of cost and technology. However, in fact, besides remnant tea oil and water,camellia oil cake includes valuable constituents, such as tea protein, tea polysaccharide,tea saponin, tannin and alkaloid, among which, tea saponin is with high application value. Tea saponin, as excellent non-ionic surfactant, is applied in various fields,including daily use chemical, food, environmental protection, aquaculture and architecture. What’s more, relevant researches have been conducted in every field.Therefore, tea saponin is natural extraction with high application value.In this paper, camellia oil cake which has been crushed and cleaned as raw material,three different ultrasonic-assisted solvents are used in the preliminary extraction of tea saponin, respectively aqueous solution, aqueous ethanol and aqueous methanol. And then the parameters of tea saponin, such as purity and extraction rate, are compared in order to get the best extraction solvent. Through experiments, aqueous ethanol is ultimately selected as the extraction solvent. The tea saponin extracted is light brown powder with relatively high moisture absorption and slight irritation after nasal inhalation and the yield is 14.07%. The tea saponin after ultrasound-assisted extraction of aqueous ethanol is analyzed with the application of response surface methodology and the industrial conditions are respectively ethanol concentration of 82%,solid-to-liquid ratio of 1: 8.8, extraction time of 2.3h, ultrasonic power of 700 W, and ultrasonic time of 15 min. Further experiment is conducted to accumulate and purify tea saponin, and the optimum conditions are 1% chitinous acetate solution of 25 mL,standing time of 3h, the re-flux temperature of 70 ℃, and re-flux time of 1h. With confabulation, the extraction rate of tea saponin increases to 17.19%. With deceleration experiment, the industrial conditions are 5% hydrogen peroxide of 20 mL, acetoneobsolete extraction time of 5h, re-flux time of 1.5h, and re-flux temperature of 60 ℃.Under these conditions, the color gradation of tea saponin reduces to 2 and the extraction rate increases to 18.96%.The homemade tea saponin is characterized, through the measurement of the purity,melting point, and form-ability of tea saponin powder samples, color reaction,ultraviolet spectrum analysis, spectral analysis of Fourier infrared transform spectroscopy, simultaneously with the comparative analysis between commercial tea saponin powder and standard tea saponin powder. Through experiment, analysis results of homemade tea saponin and standard tea saponin are similar, which prove that they are the same substance, and the purity and character are better than commercially available tea saponin. Therefore, tea saponin obtained through the experiment continues to be applied in this research.The main application of the products and the test results are as follows:1)Production of tea saponin toothpaste:2.10% dosage of homemade tea saponin which replaces sodium dodecyl sulphate(K12) in the original formula as surfactant and other auxiliary materials together make toothpaste products, such as matrix hydrated silica and glycerin. All indicators show that tea saponin toothpaste applies to the national standard GB8372-2008 of toothpaste. In addition, compared with commercially available toothpaste, tea saponin toothpaste has better ability to remove tea stains and coffee stains. Moreover, its antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus has met the requirements of the market and the national standard with great application prospects.2)Production of tea saponin sanitizer: 1.50% dosage of tea saponin as surfactant and antibacterial agents and other auxiliary materials together make sanitizer, such as matrix carbomer and glycerin, and the indicators have reached the standard GB19877.1.This product is not only better than commercially available water-free products in the detergency of artificial mixing oil but also have great effect in the antibacterial activity to Escherichia coli and Staphylococcus aureus with coordination with other components,such as ethyl alcohol. Therefore, tea saponin used in conjunction with ethyl alcohol has great effects in detergency and antibacterial activity to met the requirements of the people.3)Production of tea saponin fruit and vegetable cleaning agent: The tea saponin and APG are applied at a weight ratio of 1: 1, of which fruit and vegetable cleaningagent is made. The indicators have reached the standard GB24691-2009. Moreover, the indicators of this product have met the requirements of the standard. For detergency of artificial mixing oil, the product is not as good as conventional cleaner made by anionic surfactant. However, based on the long trial of the removal of pesticide residues, as for chlorpyrifos-methyl in the cherries, tomatoes and kidney beans, its cleaning effect is better than that of traditional fruit and vegetable cleaning agents commercially available.In this paper, using the waste slope of tea seed as raw material, through extraction and purification to get tea saponin. Then applying it to achieve the purpose of turning waste into treasure, and that have a considerable significance on the protection of environment.At the same time, in the research on the application of tea saponin, we firstly using tea saponin as a kind of natural surfactant into toothpaste, sanitizer and fruit and vegetable washing agents, which expand the application of tea saponin in chemical field. The experiment result showed that, three kinds of products prepared by tea saponin have greater main ability than those commercially available products.So, the research on tea saponin has great significance. |
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