The Research About The Preparation Of Biodegradable Fiber Membrane Used By Cotton Stalk Bast

In recent years, with the enhancement of people,s environmental consciousness and the development of society protection, the development and research of natural fiber were paid more and more attention by people. Regardless of the raw material or process the extraction of cellulose from the stem and leaf or other areas of plant were paid closed attention by people. Cotton was a kind of renewable natural cellulose fiber more cellulose fiber was existed in the bast. Therefore, promoting the development and utilization of cotton, which was beneficial to the sustainable development strategy.First of all, each component of the cotton stalk bast fibers of chemical composition refer to the content of hemp fiber was determined by the subject. It was obtained that the ingredients of cotton stalk bast were: 27.965% of cellulose, 25.186% of hemicellulose,23.774% of lignin, 17.695% of water-soluble material, 3.443% of pectin substances,1.973% of fat wax. And it was discovered that the content of hemicellulose and lignin in cotton stalk bast was relatively high by comparing the ingredients of rice straw, flax, jute and other plants.The degumming of cotton stalk bast fibers were used more mature chemical process,specific degumming process as follows: pretreatment→drying→pickled→washing→drying→one alkali cooking→washing→drying→beating fiber→secondary alkali cooking→washing→drying→beating fiber→pickling→washing→drying→degummed cotton bast fibers. The conditions of process were that the concentration of Na OH was 12 g/L, the time of alkali cooking was 90 min, the temperature of alkali cooking was 90℃, and were selected by evaluating the results of different experimental conditions.The method of nitrate-ethanol and sodium hydroxide to extract cellulose was adopted in this paper, it was discussed about the different influences of the concentration of nitrate ethanol solution and sodium hydroxide solution、boiling time on extraction. After comprehensive consideration, the choice of the optimum extraction condition was selected,and the volume ratio of ethanol and concentrated nitrate was 4 : 1. Under this experimental condition, the maximum extraction of cellulose purity was 90.67%, the extraction rate was34.26%. Three different methods of preparation of copper ammonia solution were used,and the different dissolution of cotton stalk bast fiber in copper ammonia solution werestudied in this paper. The method of adding the concentrated aqueous ammonia to copper sulfate solution was selected to prepare copper ammonia solution finally. The plastics processing was that the dissolve cellulose membrane forming was soaked 4h in 30%glycerin solution, then drying and preservation.It was found that the light transmittance and the mechanical properties of cellulose membrane were improved after plasticizing process by comparing the light transmittance and the mechanical properties of glycerol plasticized treated with untreated cellulose membrane. It was found that the results of cellulose film is more conducive to plant growth by comparing the moisture and thermal insulation properties of the cellulose membrane with plastic mulch in the soil moisture. And the degradation experiment was showed that the cellulose membrane had good performance degradation, and played an important role in environmental protection.