| Water is the source of life, the development of socio economic and science and technology has accelerated the spread of the global freshwater crisis, also strengthen the people’s attention to the use and protection of freshwater resources. International rivers are rich in freshwater resources, their exploitation and protection with the development of safe, economic and social closely related countries and regions conducted. However, due to man-made and natural causes, leading to deteriorating water quality in international rivers, there have been varying degrees of pollution, the international river water pollution will bring Malignant changes and its related to an important content of water security.The water pollution is likely to cause an adverse impact on people’s production and life, has been widespread concern in the international community.Lancang-Mekong as Asia’s important international rivers, is also related to the development of China’s major rivers, its rational development and utilization of the basin of the six countries to bring economic technological development, but also to maintain the stability of the basin, to strengthen national friendly exchanges between. However, due to the use of water resources, economic and technological development and the pollution caused by natural disasters, which makes affected the river health, coupled with the basin water pollution prevention and controlling system imperfect, lead to the basin’s water resources has facing a huge crisis. This paper is divided into four parts, based on the existing Legal system for prevention and control water pollution of Lancang Mekong River Basin, by induction on control experience of other important international river basins, analysis and comparison is now trying to improve some Lancang-Mekong basin river water pollution control and law mechanisms.The first part is the overview of transboundary water pollution prevention and control of the Lancang-Mekong river, clearly defines the meaning of international river transboundary water pollution, analysis of the international river water pollution characteristics and classification, explained the Lancang-Mekong River exsiting pollution and Prevention and controlling system conditions, clearly expressed the meaning of existence. Only on the basis of international river water pollution related content to understand the above, in order to better analyze the current Lancang-Mekong status quo of water pollution and prevention of water pollution, including the status of national environmental legislation, Unified management organizations of river basin exist and watershed management agencies are already signed relevant treaties, Water Pollution Control in China and five other countries have an important role in indelible, the contents of this section is to improve pollution control mechanisms to prepare the ground below.The second part is the Lancang-Mekong River water pollution control theory, mainly on the underlying principles of the water pollution prevention and control. The principles of sustainable development, the principle of equitable and reasonable utilization, the principle of not to cause significant harm, the principle of international cooperation has appeared in many important international water law documents, its providing guidance and direction of the front row for the Water Pollution Control Basin, making the water basin countries all agree to abide by the behavioral constraints criteria With the development and utilization of resources.The third part is the Lancang-Mekong River water pollution control mechanisms. This section analyzes the imperfections in the existing mechanisms, in the basis summarized the abroad water pollution control experience with a reference, total explores three specific prevention mechanism, That coordination mechanisms,regulatorymechanisms,the disputessettlementmechanism.Coordinati on mechanism is to explore from watershed management agencies, national legislation and establish an environmental protection fund, etc. The main regulatory mechanisms includes early warning systems,water quality and emissions standards, public participation, monitoring systems and information exchange platform, and Attempt to further improve the supervision mechanism. Dispute settlement mechanism has a more common practice and customary in the international arena, we propose realistic solution to the dispute by analysis of the existing dispute settlement mechanism,t the countries can generally acceptable solution to the dispute.The fourth part is mainly directed against the Lancang-Mekong River water pollution control mechanisms implemented in China. In China, because of historical reasons and international political developments, the development and utilization of water resources in the basin at the cusp, facing tremendous pressure from all sides, so active pollution prevention within their territory of great significance for China as upstream. China must improve relevant policies, laws and regulations for Lancang River flows backward areas and Imperfect implementation of environmental law and China itself exists.our contry must adopt effective measures to strengthen the country’s water pollution control work, and actively cooperate with other national and international prevention watershed community pace, in order to keep a good international reputation, to live in peace with other countries Basin, to achieve sustainable development in the true sense. |
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