Exploration On The Relationship Between The Psychological Capital And Stress Management

With the rapid development of knowledge economy, enterprises and employees face increasingly fierce competition. Intense work or heavy burden has become a major feature of modern life. The current society is also called vividly the age of anxiety. Obviously, excessive pressure of work imposes serious great huge negative impact on both enterprises and individuals, which becomes the prevailing concern of the entire society. Therefore, how to manage job stress has become one of the important research subject whether from the enterprise organization level or personal level. This thesis attempts to provide a new perspective for enterprises to manage job stress and new management model for improving employees’psychological capital by studying job stress from the perspective of psychological capital, which will enrich and expands the psychological capital intervention (PCI) theory.Both qualitative and quantitative methods are used in investigating the relationship between psychological capital and job stress on the basis of literature review. First, theoretical assumptions are developed of the impact model of psychological capital on job stress through the analysis of a number of literature. Then reliability and validity test, exploratory factor analysis are done using SPSS17.0, and confirmatory factor analysis are conducted with AMOS7.0. Finally, Structural Equation Model (SEM) is used in verification analysis, which eliminates the limitation of qualitative research as much as possible.The major arguments of the research are as follows:Ⅰ. Psychological capital being defined as a combination of hope, optimism, resilience, self-efficacy and positive psychological state, the research concludes that the increase in overall psychological capital helps allievate job pressure from work, working environment, interpersonal relationship, employees’ own quality and management. In another word, employees with high psychological capital experience relatively less work pressure.Ⅱ. Significant negative correlation exists between psychological capital and overall job burnout on one hand and the three dimensions of job burnout as emotional exhaustion, dehumanization, and low level of sense of accomplishment on the other hand. Psychological capital exhibts significant intervention effect on job burnout. That is, employees with high psychological capital suffer relatively less job burnout, which means that they tend to keep high mood in work and have strong professional sense of accomplishment.Ⅲ. Job burnout, as one form of reaction to job stress, has a relation to job stress. Psychological capital plays a role in fixing the correlation between job pressure and job burnout. Psychological capital can directly produce alleviating effect on job pressure, and intervention on job burnout, that is to say, improving employees’ psychological capital can alleviate the feeling of job stress, thereby reducing job burnout from job pressure.In this thesis, the interaction between psychological capital and job pressure for Chinese enterprise staffs and teachers are empirically validated scientifically and systematically, however, as an exploratory research, some shortcomings remain which need to be further investigated. The study focuses on the aftermath of psychological capital on job pressure, but future research can focus on the antecedent variables of psychological capital, which is a valuable future research field on psychological capital and can enrich the psychological capital theory. The sample is required to continue to expand, so that more rigorous, scientific results can be obtained. All of these problems need to be further investigated in the future research.