Study On Influences On Working Memory Capacity And Maintaining By The Executive Function Training Under Different Emotional Feedbacks

Working memory capacity is a basic ability in information processing and problem solving, and it is the basis of cognitive ability, which requires human beings to maintain the memory and to carry out the necessary operations while processing information. The latest research found that working memory capacity has much to do with fluid intelligence, that is, the individuals with higher working memory capacity has higher fluid intelligence. The individual's working memory capacity can be improved by cognitive training so as to improve the individual's intelligence. Studies around the training of working memory rose in the last10years. Therefore, how to study working memory training, what to train, how to train and other issues are becoming new challenges to contemporary researchers.This study attempts to research based on the theoretical model of working memory, the latest achievements of the current research on working memory models as well as the latest research on working memory training at home and abroad. According to Baddeley's ideologically divised three systems of working memory, this study highlights the central executive function——the core system of working capability. Based on inhibition, Switching and Updating of the central executive function, the study designed training materials and then conducted training. The study was conducted among the selected120students from freshman to junior in our college, according to the score of pre-test and post-test matching and grouping, subjects were divided into experimental group and control group, control group was involved in the former test and post-test, did not participate in any training mission, the experimental groups were divided into a positive emotional feedback group, the negative emotional feedback group, and no emotional feedback group, the experimental groups participated in ail training tasks. Finally, by recording the score alter each training session and the results of trained working memory capacity after the whole training, the experimental data obtained from training was analysed by statistical software Excel2OO3and Spssl7.O. The main conclusions are as follows:first, the emotional feedback may affect the subjects'decision-making, which led to changes in the subjects react. Analysis of variance found no significantly differences among different feedback groups, but the shape of the response curve shows that both negative feedback group and no-feedback group once pursuited "the good results" so as to increase the correct reaction rates, and the positive group may keep the original reaction. Second, the main functions of the central executive system were trained to reach a certain extent. That is, the level of increase of different components were different, the training time to reach steady state is not the same; different executive function components training correct rate of stable time with their response time to reach a steady state is inconsistent. This effect the choice to grasp the time at the end of the practice in response task and the starting time of the officially experiment. Third, the executive function's training improved working memory capacity of the training group, which indicates that the central executive system is the core status in working memory. Fourth, the improved working memory capacity in training groups could be hold for a longer period of time, which shows that working memory is the basic cognitive ability, but it can be enhanced through training. Combined the latest research on working memory training study on the relationship between working memory and fluid intelligence, indicates that the improved working memory capacity in the training group may be helpfulness to the basic information processing abilities.