China Fire System Reform And Development Research

Fire protection arises in due course with the advancement in the production and life practices of the human being. With the continuous development of the social economy, fire protection work also adapts to the changing requirements of the social economy. From the historical perspective, the development of fire protection in China has generally kept in line with the level of the social economy development in different periods and different regions correspondingly.Since the implementation of the Reform and Opening-up policy, there have always been many developmental gaps among different regions. In developed regions of the country, the urban construction level has little difference from the developed western countries; while in contrast, the less developed regions are left far behind. This imbalance has largely contributed to the fairly different requirements on fire protection. As China has shifted from planned economy into a market economy, the requirements for fire control work have been changing constantly in response to the rapid development of urban construction.However, our present fire protection is still based on the thinking pattern and fire-fighting mechanism of the old time. As a result, the government's functional departments could not provide adequate support for the fire-fighting services, and there are plenty of problems to be solved. At present, there are many defects existing in our fire system and mechanism. The major problems include a deficiency of legislation in fire fighting and administrative system, the low degree of the social work, the low rate of public propogation and education, the low degree of awareness of the people and society on fire protection, and the low capability of fire fighting.In order to meet the needs of social economy development, we must accelerate the pace of reform and development in fire control. we must adapt to the requirements of the legal system, and further advance the legislation in fire control. We shall meet the requirements of market economy, and transform the administrative functions of the fire control departments, which give rise to the implementation of the macro-management services, establish an efficient administration and management which has perfect coordinated operations and completed system. We shall motivate all the sectors of the society to develop the work of fire protection, and foster the fire safety management of market economy. Develop and cultivate intermediary organization of fire protection, promote the fire protection work with the market mechanism, which can push the socialization of fire protection.The present paper is based on the historical and present researches in China and other developed countries. It lists the problems which exists in our fire protection work, and analyzes the functional orientation and management system. Theories in politics, public management are employed for the analysis in this paper, and systematic, historical, comparative, and exemplification methods are also applied, which point out that our fire protection work should improve the management system of professional way. Furthermore, fire protection work should be separated from the police department so as to develop independently. The government should re-engineer its administrative capabilities, and great efforts must be made to develop fire-control agent organizations, and cultivate the ability of self-management of fire safety in the society.