Study On Vegetation And Soil Properties Of Two Ecological Restoration Mineral Areas In Beijing Mountain Region

The ecosystem and landscape on the surface of the earth have been destroyed by sustainable mining. So to strengthen the ecological restoration and reconstruction of abandoned mining areas has become an important issue, and plant configuration pattern should be a focal point as an important part.The two typical ecological restoration areas, the limestone mining area in Miaofeng Mountain and Shouyun iron mine in Miyun, were both selected to conduct vegetation and soil characteristic analysis in sample area. The main conclusions are as follows:(1)Six different technologies are adopted in the ecological restoration of the Miaofeng mining area.And we concluded that the results were not the same when different measurements and site types were used. The important values of dominant species of natural restoration vegetation communities were higher than those of artificial restoration communities, it indicates that the artificial restoration community is still in the stage of succession.The change of soil mechanical composition is small, and The nutrient content of soil restoration area is relatively high.At the same time, it can be inferred that the spatial variability of soil nutrients in each sample can be estimated by the gray correlation degree and the spatial variation of soil nutrients, soil, hollow brick two restoration measures can be adapted to local conditions without considering the economic cost.(2)The vegetation survey in Shouyun iron mine shows that the dominant species of shrub and shrub were not obvious, and the distribution of the different branches of the mining area was more uniform. In the soil characteristics, dump, mining area, slag field soil texture is sandy soil.The total potassium content of organic matter, available potassium, soil slag field was the highest.The conductivity was manifested in three different site types:Slag discharge field>Stackpile> Mining Area.(3)Through the study of environmental factors and vegetation characteristic value relationship,The regression equation of the vegetation community richness and the average height of the Miaofeng Mountain is significant. There was a significant negative correlation between the soil pH and total nitrogen content in the shrub of the Shouyun iron mine. And the soil cation exchange capacity of the community average height showed significant positive effects.