Research And Development Of Ultrasonic Ranging System Based On Single Chip Processor

Ultrasonic ranging technology has wide using worth in many fields, such as the industrial locale, vehicle navigation and sonar engineering. Now it has been used in level measurement, self-guided autonomous vehicles, fieldwork robots automotive navigation, air and underwater target detection, identification, location and so on. So there is an important practicing meaning to learn the ranging theory and ways deeply. To improve the precision of the ultrasonic ranging system in hand, satisfy the request of the engineering personnel for the ranging precision, the bound and the usage, a portable ultrasonic ranging system based on the single chip processor C8051F300 was developed.This system contained 2 subsystems: hardware and software. The hardware circuit was spreaded around the single chip processor and the communicating and pre-processing interfaces were designed. The functions of data collection, procession and communication were completed. Furthermore, the temperature sensor inside the single chip processor was made full use of to collect the environment temperature and modify the transmit speed of the ultrasound; For the software, simulations about the correlation estimation, the pseudo-random code (PRC) ultrasonic spread-spectrum distance measurement and the LMS adaptive time-delay estimation signal processing techniques were done by the constructed transmit signals in Matlab and the echo data .The respective result and the merits of the algorithms were discussed. Finally, the correlation estimation method was selected as the ranging process algorithm.Besides, the communicate subsystem between the C8051F300 and the computer was established in the paper. A data processing program and a people-to-computer interface based on VB were programmed to process the real time sample data sent to the computer from the single chip by RS-232. The result can be displayed and the communicate parameters can be adjusted. Lastly, the precision of the measure was analyzed and the performance of the system was evaluated.Experimental results and simulations showed this ranging system is small, light and has high-precision, which is usable; the conclusion of the paper provided high value for the in hand ultrasonic ranging research.