Social Ideas Of Wang Fu

Relatives of the late Eastern Han Dynasty eunuch dictatorship, court politics confusion, contradictions, such as the social atmosphere of our decaying prominent thinkers are actively exploring ways appropriate rule society. Wang Fu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty are well-known political commentators and thinkers as well as the Eastern Han Dynasty at the end of society a typical representative of critical thinkers, as far as to speculate about the Birth and Death AD 82 - 167 years, named Jie xing, came from Lin jing of An ding(now Gansu Province Zhenyuan County West), after Emperor Zhang, Emperor He, Emperor shang, Emperor An ,Emperor Shun,Emperor Chong,Emperor Zhi and Emperor Huan (At that time, the rapid decline phase of the Eastern Han society) rule. "The book of after the Han Dynasty" will be its relationship with Wang chong, Zhong changtong combined for one chapter, it contained his contemporaries Ma rong, Dou zhang, Zhang Heng and Cui yuan equivalent in the world and "friendly relationship." In the " After the Han. Wang Zhong Wang Fu Chang EC Biographies " records, this person"enjoy learning, have aspirations in early years" , after Antiquorum "World Tour Huan Treasury" in the situation, but he himself was marked by integrity and ambition Law, not with the secular with the flow, so career blocked, turn reclusive mountain to "Treatise" and criticized the reality of identity and a "Treatise on the" one book, including political, economic, philosophical, legal, military, historical and cultural aspects, fully reflects his political concept, philosophy and outlook on life. At the same time, the civilian population as a thinker, in the critical social reality in the process of him building a society for the middle and lower classes, a new blueprint for political rule, this article separately from the rulers, guidelines governing the country and social status of three aspects of the ideal of the to demonstrate the rule of a blueprint.The first part critic unreasonable factors in society, the "doomsday" governance required more capable personnel saint, and according to the prevailing social conditions, and adequately dealt with saints emerging social environment, and on this basis the formation of a wealth of wise idea, to give full expression to the human factor in the social management of the tremendous role.Saints of the basic elements of thought are: First, the adoption of critical realism social darkness and find the crux of the problem society, It is consider the emergence of the Eastern Han Dynasty maladministration by a number of faint (the Young ) Yong-jun (bad) caused dominated court politics. The late monarch as the Han, there has been a distinctive characteristic of a younger age, which even if the succession of the throne and the feudal system, but also with the rotten relatives associated eunuch groups. Eunuch relatives as social development in ancient China emerged in the course of a special Class, it can be said of feudal autocratic rule are the inevitable result, And often at a dynasty in the latter half of development plays an important role in the late Eastern Han regime basically in their hands , They blocked closely with the the people of the channels of communication . Through the analysis of the status quo in this society, and ultimately society can be attributed to the chaotic rule of no capable personnel; Second, Wang Fu was a time of outstanding thinkers, inherited and developed the idea of Confucian emphasis on "rule of man" the traditional concept, highlighted the "person" in the community to the important role of governance and rule in accordance with the ideal personality, "Virtue "In the" quality "differences, in turn divided into a gentleman, sages and saints; at an explanation of human nature on the basic human nature can think enlightenment, which are discussed separately gentleman, sages and saints of their ways and the process of emergence, thereby demonstrated the possibility saints; Summary gentleman at eventually, sages and saints have the following characteristics, finding out the intrinsic relationship between the three, and further pointed out that this is a quantitative change to qualitative change from the process, from the gentleman to the saints, sages of the transition through the middle, which is essentially constant moral internalization, the process of continuous distillation. At this point on Wang Fu is "rule of man" idea of the impact deeply from Confucian .The traditional Confucian idea stick to the provisions of ethical rules in every family and people in the society, the kind of "people" only belong to family or country without having any of the individual significance ,In the "people - Moral - Family - Country," the virtues chain, in accordance with the opinion of Mr. Zhang Zhongqiu is successful that is "Human", the excellent is " Sage ", outstanding for "Saint." So from them as society's "elite", then the loyalty, filial piety, benevolence, righteousness, propriety and so on will be to maximize the implementation, the Significance of Moral will also be from top to bottom, from the inside out to be infinitely extended. The second part of the paper are at the basis of saints after start up, clearly pointing out the rulers of the country should follow the strategy: "the people for the country-based."This is Wang Fu in the late Eastern Han Dynasty rule confusion, those in power and "reactive power costs hurt farmers," the social status of severely criticized after the country put forward the guiding philosophy. "People" from the Western Zhou Dynasty before the idea was proposed, was referred to as the " The people of the country's fundamental," Zhou went on to further the " Respect for ethics, the protection of the people " the idea, emphasized the importance of "the people" the importance of strength, which is exactly three generations of Since the "divine right" challenge the status of thought, and the god of light weight naturally at that time society has become the main direction of development of thought; Mencius will further improve the re-public with the idea of systematic, in the absorption, sum up their predecessors Shigetami based on the idea, and further put the people in this system and deduce that the people of the country You-jun light concept, think between heaven and earth "people are expensive, state, followed by the king of less important ", which explained the profound economic system of " The people have assets " and " Political support for the people to be on " , put country ruled the country directly at the direction of the public. Since then people have been on this idea later thinkers inherited and deepened. The early Han rulers learned the experience of Qin Dynasty peasant of war, and further the public aware of the importance of questions about the people has again been raised by thinkers, such as Jia Yi's proposed "national security to the people", their views so that the penetrating was impressed by all future generations, "the people" once again the question has been of great importance to the rulers, so the monarchy in the early Han Dynasty, under the guidance of Huang-Lao thought, Reduce the taxes, restore production and to protect the interests of the people; In the late Eastern Han Dynasty, the various social conflicts (the ruling class itself, the rulers and people, and foreign relations, etc.) more and more intense, the people's live, production once again become a country'focus of attention. Wang Fu was accordance with the requirements of the times, in the lessons before the people of this basic idea on the content, the country's safety status and people's lives closely together, the "State of the reason for the country so as to have the people also," and finally the development of for "the people for the country-based" thinking. This section from the " God's way of thinking and the people's request " ( "Unity of Heaven and Man" thought an extension of) the consistency of the perspective of the full exposition of this idea of rationality and authority in implementing the idea on the specific measures proposed to enrich the people and teach and be the idea of peaceful society as well as from all levels focus on "the people for the country-based" idea of the possible implementation. Though the present problem it appears that some of the same old tune of the taste, but Wang Fu put it as the guiding concept of the rulers of the country once again be stressed that contains the reality of highly targeted and practical rule to correct the intent of the guidelines; Besides this a step further, "the people" at any one historical period (or even present) are always achieve social stability and social progress can not avoid the topic.The third part is discussed that Saints and sages rule society in accordance with "the people for the country-based" concept of governing the country under the premise appears to be an ideal state of society.At the socialization of members of society, in order to "Rule by virtue", " Great importance to sage " as the core, From the monarch to Wenchen generals, to ordinary people are given to the role of re-positioning, Complyed with their own rules: emperor in ancient society was on the supreme position,and represents the highest authority; Minister and the people did not dare to doubt his authority (previous peasant uprisings For replacement of the existing rule with the exception of acts of political power), even in the situation of people living in under poverty , thinkers and the people rarely have "subversion" like the court politics of speech, Instead, they usually put the mission to change the status quo lies in the saints and sages . So a competent monarch, in the hearts of the people themselves should have a higher excellent moral character; Meanwhile Wang Fu also emphasis monarch must know "law (criminal)" timely use of the "moal" and "law " and find a combination between the point - the main Moral mainly to penalty for auxiliary, this is the prevalence of the Han Dynasty," Moral mainly to penalty for auxiliary "mainstream thought reflected in the idea of Wang Fu silhouette .In regard to the ministers, Wang Fu proposed the "election correctly" proposition, namely: According to the ability and moral quality of emphasis on moral character and ability of minister. The ultimate point is to highlight minister'allegiance of monarchy and the country .For the Eastern Han Dynasty in the latter people left agriculture and idle . Workers gave up items of practical and the pursuit of external luxury .Objects to order of living and production ,Wang Fu pointed that the rule of order and stability needed the people should and can only be "obedient citizens," they must live and work in peace. Farmers ,workers and operators should abide by their respective industries, "professional ethics", "behaved" has engaged in feudal rule in favor of the production activities.To ensure the harmonious and orderly society, in the exchanges between people of principle, Wang Fu raised exchanges principles of Zhong, Shu, Benevolence, Righteousness . This is a period of maintenance at the new monarch and minister, father and son, husband and wife, friends and other relations between the more systematic human relations norms, and he also focused on the rule of the " loyal minister " and "ultra-utilitarian" friend, which reflected Wang Fu on luxury, arrogance and widespread negative social attitude.In short, this article taken from causal relationship between the use of thinking of writing, through the layers of depth study of ways to make the three parts of mutual influence, interdependence, mutual constitutes a system of Wang Fu society thought theory, eventually stripping out of a perfect feudal National rule paradigm, the rulers in order to give a positive inspiration, and he also thought the history of China's social development made a positive contribution.