Experimental Research On Infiltration Of Stong-Soil Medium And Grape's Growth And Development Characteristics Under Drip Irrigation In Arid Area

Tu-ha basin located in extremely arid regin, grape is supporting industry. The soil texture of this area is special soil-stony medium, meanwhile, traditional flood irrigation wasted lots of water resources, carrying water saving irrigation is imperative. In order to investigate the effects of rock fragment on water infiltration characteristics and find the suitable irrigation scheme of drip irrigation for grape in Tuha Basin, on the basis of reading a lot of literature both at home and abroad, supported by national sci-tech project and major project of Xinjiang autonomous region, this paper studied the one dimensional and three dimensional water movement characteristics of stony-soil medium, as well as the grape's growth and development properties under drip irrigation through combining the experimental research and theoretical analysis, major findings are as follows:(1) Rock fragment content has a significant influence on one dimensional water infiltration characteristics of stony-soil medim. The cumulative infiltration and wetting front length are all smaller than the fine soil, the cumulative infiltration and wetting front decrease with the increase of rock fragment content at first, then increase, and decrease again at last, the milestone is different because of rock fragment particle size. The comulative infiltration and wetting front length increase with the increas of rock fragment particle size. When the rock fragment particle size are 0.5-3cm and 3-5cm, saturated hydraulic conductivity of stony-soil medim can be precisely obtained using one dimensional vertical algebraic model and Green-Ampt formula, respectively. When the rock fragment content are 0%,10%,20%,50% under 0.5-1cm, and 30% under 1-5cm, unsaturated soil water diffusivity and parameters of Brooks-Corey model of stony-soil medim can be precisely determined by horizontal infiltration method.(2) Ponding radius, horizontal and vertical wetted distance, horizontal and vetical interference distance of stony-soil medim are all larger than fine soil, and increase with the increase of rock fragment content. The volume of wetted body increase and soil water content at same position decrease with the increase of rock fragment.(3) Under the condition of field point source infiltration and interference infiltration, ponding radius, horizontal wetted distance, wetted body's shape factor and volumn are increase with the increase with the dripper discharge and water amount.(4) Compared with flood irrigation, drip irrigation could decrease soil surface evaporation and deep percolation significantly, which are important water-saving approaches of drip irrigation. Under high moisture treatment, soil water distribution, grape's growth vigor and yield are all better than other treatments, but from the perspective of relationship between yield and water consumption, water consumption of high moisture treatment has exeeded the optimal point. Based on the research, the suitable technical parameters of drip irrigation for grape in Tuha Basin are as follows:three capillary tubes, dripper discharge is 2.7L/h and dripper spacing is 30cm, irrigation frequency is 4.5d. The suitable irrigation amount of germination stage, shoot growth stage, flowering stage, fruit expanding stage, fruit paste mature stage and branche mature stage are 112.5 m3/mu,202.8 m3/mu, 53.2 m3/mu,283.3 m3/mu,111.0 m3/mu,106.5 m3/mu, respectively. The irrigation amount of whole growth period is 869.3 m3/mu.