Zonation On Ecological Adaptability Of Tobacco Plantation In Yanbian Based On GIS

Tobacco leaf of Yanbian is the chief component in Jilin province, the planting area of flue-cured tobacco is about 50% in Jilin province. Along with the development and the change of ecological environment, the original tobacco planting regionalization already can't guide the present production distribution. To combine with the studying of ongoing national tobacco planting regionalization, to investigate on solving the main problems perplexing flue-cured tobacco planting and regionalization in Yanbian, and to promote the sustainable development of tobacco undertaking, the study that based on the data of ecology and tobacco quality in Yanbian and using modern analytical technique analyzed the ecological characteristics of tobacco area in Yanbian, demonstrated ecological suitability of flue-cure tobacco planting, and achieved the precise regionalization of cured tobacco planting ecological suitability by GIS technology. The main conclusions are the followings:1. The climatic characteristics of Yanbian tobacco area are much sunlight, little rain, low temperature in prophase field, less sunlight, more rainfall, moderate temperature in metaphase field, less sunlight, lower temperature, more rain in anaphase field. Climatic effects that increase the sugar content of tobacco and sugar-nicotine ratio, meanwhile result in the decrease of content of thick flavor matter, is the main reason of high sugar content of tobacco having middle flavor type in Yanbian.2. There are rich organic matter and soil available nitrogen content in Yanbian Prefecture, soil available phosphorus content is too high in most area, soil available phosphorus content lower than 15mg/Kg is only 25%, but higher than 32.9mg/Kg is also 23.2%. The soil available potassium that is also rich is more than 200mg/Kg in most of area, pH Value of soil is in suitable range that is the demand of growth and development of cured tobacco in most area, only soil of a few areas is slightly acid or alkaline.3. The meteorological disaster frequently occurs in tobacco area of Yanbian, such as hail, chilling damage and so on. The probability of drought is 40-50% in northern Wangqing; In major flood season, some area of Yanbian Prefecture is easy to occur strong rainfall weather, the area of that rainfall more than 300mm in June to August is about 40% of total area; In Yanbian because of geographic position and basin microclimate, it often occurs chilling damage weather, the relatively serious regions are northwestern Dunhua, Helong, southern Antu and some areas of Wangqing and Huichun; Due to special geographic factor, weather and climate in Yanbian, it's easy to occur severe convective weather initiating hail disaster, the area of that the probability of hail is more than 21% is 60% of total area. So effectively prevent and fight natural adversities system established is an important guarantee for stable and high yield of tobacco area in Yanbian.4. The analysis of correlativity between chemical quality of tobacco and ecological factor shows: The total sugar content and reducing sugar of tobacco have a negative correlation with mean temperature of July, July to August and soil organic content, and a positive correlation with the mean temperature of May; Nicotine content of tobacco has a negative corr elation with rainfall of June and soil organic content, and a positive correlation with rainfall of July and August; Total nitrogen and protein content have a negative correlation with soil available nitrogen, available potassium and available phosphorus, and a positive correlation with the mean temperature of August; The content of potassium has a positive correlation with the mean temperature of June and September, and a negative correlation with rainfall of July and August, and the sunshine hours of May and July.5. he division of suitability for the cured tobacco planting in Yanbian was calculated and simulated by the GIS digitalization under the ArcGIS system. The most suitability division for the cured tobacco planting occupied about 10% of the whole state, and it distributed partially in Dunhua, Helong, Wangqing, Huichun and somewhere else. The suitability division for the cured tobacco planting is occupied about 40% of the whole state. The secondary suitability division distributed in every county and city, it mainly concentrated in area of the northern Antu, the southern Dunhua, the southern Wangqing and the northern Huichun. The division of unsuitability formed block distribution, it mainly distributed in area of the southern Antu, the western Helong, the southwestern, southeastern and northern Dunhua, Wangqing and part of Huiqing.