Effects Of Controlled Release Bulk Blending Fertilizer On Apple Orcharh Soil Nutrients And Growth Of Apple Plant

Since the common fertilizer dkly in soil and available nutrients in fertilizer were easily leaching, evaporating or fixed by soil, The release characteristics of controlled released Bulk Blending (BB) fertilizer and its effects on orchard soil and apple trees were studied using'Gala'(25-year old) and'Red Fuji'(12-year old) apple trees as the material. The objective of the study is to provide a scientific basis for a better extension and application of controlled-release fertilizer in apple production. The main results were as follows:1. The treatment with controlled released BB fertilizer could significantly improve the growth of apple young shoots. It was found that the treatment of T2 could affect the shoot length, diameter, and internode length significantly, while the treatment of T4 could improve the photosynthesis of the trees because of the increasement of leaves area, though there were no differences between shoot lengths, diameters, leaves numbers, compared with those of the control T1.2. The treatment with controlled released BB fertilizer could influence the content and distribution of soil organic material, alkaline hydrolytic nitrogen, available phosphorus, available potassium in the apple orchard soil, meanwhile the content of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in different organs of the apple tree, such as roots, shoots, leaves were also affected by controlled released BB fertilizer.3. It was found that the yield and fruit quality of apple fruits could be improved by the treatment controlled released BB fertilizer. The treatment with T2 could improve the yield of'Gala'obviously, while treatment with both T2 and T4 could improve the yield of'Red Fuji', meanwhile the treatment with T2 being more significantly. Under the treatments of controlled-release BB fertilizer, the content of vitamin C in apple fruit improved, and ratio of sugar to acid decreased.4. Study of fertilizer nutrition in different layers of soil indicated that the distributions of controlled released BB fertilizer in soil were quite different: the available nitrogen released by T2 and T4 was very low in the middle and lower layer of the soil, this indicated that the speed of available nutrients released from the fertilizer was very slow and this will benefit for the tree to absorb the nitrogen. Under the treatment of T4, the contents of phosphorus and potassium in the middle and lower layer of the soil were lower than that of control, so it could improve the apple tree to absorb the available phosphorus and potassium. As a whole, controlled released BB fertilizer could decrease the production cost of fruit grower and correspondingly increase the income of the farmer; meanwhile controlled released BB fertilizer could also decrease the loss of fertilizer and reduce the environmental pollution.