Study On Special Aluminum Alloy Conductor

In recent years, the rapid development of the economy has increased the requirements for the performance of overhead wire and cable. Traditional wire and cable adopts copper core materials, because of the lack of copper resources in China. And the price of copper has been high, so wo need a new type of conductor material to replace the copper core material. In contrast, our aluminum resources storage is abundant and the price is cheap.And it has a high conductivity and good mechanical properties. It can be very good to meet people’s needs, so aluminum alloy conductor materials become the preferred alternative to copper conductor. The content of silicon in our aluminium ore exceeded, which seriously reduces the electrical conductivity and mechanical properties of aluminum alloy. The paper innovative joined the Rare Earth Elements Lanthanum,which can be a very good solution to this problem. In this paper, the effect of different alloying elements on the properties of aluminum alloy was studied by orthogonal test, and the effect of the alloying elements on the aluminum alloy was analyzed. In addition, the microstructure and properties of aluminum alloy conductor materials were studied under the process of rotary forging and annealing. Draw the following conclusions:1. With gradual increase of the content of iron element, the conductive of aluminum alloy conductor first increases and then decreases rapidly.When Wt(Fe) =0.5%, the conductivity of aluminum alloy conductor reaches the maximum; tensile strength gradually increased, elongation at break decreased, elongation varied 9.34-7.26%.The change is particularly evident, indicating that the rate had a significant influence on the changes of iron to aluminum alloy conductor tensile strength and breaking extension.2. Along with the copper content increased gradually, the kinds of aluminum alloy conductor conductivity decreases; when the content of Cu in the 0.15-0.20% changes and electrical conductivity decreased slightly, but with little change; when the Cu content in the 0.20-0.30% change and conductivity decreased significantly, obvious changes. With the increasing of copper content, the tensile strength increases and the elongation decreases gradually. When the Cu content in the 0.15-0.20% changes, a significant increase in the tensile strength, changed significantly, while the elongation decreased; when the content of Cu in the 0.20-0.30% changes and tensile strength increases slightly, but with little change, elongation decreased in a certain degree.3. With the increasing of the content of magnesium, the conductivity of aluminum alloy conductor decreases, but the change range is not large. The tensile strength of the alloy is improved in different degree, and the tensile strength increases first and then decreases. When the content of Mg reached 0.05%, the maximum tensile strength,123.42MPa, elongation reaches the minimum value, is 10.52%.4. When La content in 0.05-0.10% changes, in the aluminum alloy strengthening effect are mainly fine grain strengthening, finite solid solution strengthening, the raising of conductivity, tensile strength is greatly improved, extending rate is greatly decreased; when La content changes in the 0.10-0.20%, in aluminum alloy strengthening effect for the second phase strengthening, conductivity decreased rapidly, the tensile strength increased, extension rate decreased slightly.5. The mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of aluminum alloy were analyzed. The optimum composition ratio was 0.5%Fe,0.20%Cu,0.05%Mg, 0.10% La and 0.01%B, and the others were al and other impurities.6. Compared with the microstructure and properties of as cast aluminum alloy and the aluminum alloy after rotary forging and annealing, it can be seen that the electrical conductivity, tensile strength and the elongation rate of the cross section have been improved obviously. During the intermediate annealing process of aluminum alloy conductor, the fine grains, such as the fine grains, were gradually replaced by the non uniform grains, and the microstructure tended to be stable.7. The annealing time is 1h, with the increasing of annealing temperature, the conductivity increased, the tensile strength decreases and the elongation increases. The annealing temperature of 300 ℃, with the holding time, the conductivity of conductor increases, the tensile strength decreases and the elongation increases.8. After annealing temperature of 300℃ and annealing time 1h, special aluminum alloy conductor have the best comprehensive performance.