Analysis Of Shellfish Poison Of Bivalves From Seafood Market And The Distribution And Accumulation Of PSP In Mammals

Objective Paralytic shellfish poisoning (PSP) and diarrhetic shellfish poisoning (DSP) in 7 species of economical shellfishes were analyzed for 1 year, to know the contamination of HABs toxins in bivalves from seafood market. The investigation on the distribution and potential accumulation of PSP toxins in livers, kidneys, spleens and brains in rats fed with low levels PSP toxins in long-term was performed, to gain more information on toxicity of PSP toxins.Methods Economical bivalves were collected from Huangsha seafood market of Guangzhou from Apr, 2004 to Mar, 2005. The levels of PSP and DSP in bivalves were determined with mouse bioassay of AOAC. The risk assessment of PSP and DSP in bivalves was conducted according to FAO and Chinese Administration Organization of Fish Culture and Seaport. PSP toxins fed to rats were extracted from the seafood in market. The toxicity of the extract was determined by mouse bioassay and the components of the PSP extract were analysed by HPLC. Rats were divided into three PSP-treated groups (1/20LD₅₀ as high dose, 1/40LD₅₀ as middle dose, 1/100LD₅₀ as low dose) according to the LD₅₀ (184μgSTX·kg^-1 )of PSP. Two controls were set, one group was fed with no toxin HCl extracts of bivalves and the other was with nature water. The extracts in different toxicity were administrated to rats once a day through gastrotube for 4 weeks. The PSP in livers, kidneys, spleens and brains of rats were analysed by HPLC in 1d, 3d, 14d after the final administration.Results PSP was detected in 2 species of the bivalves assayed and DSP was found out in 6 species. The content of PSP was lower than 4MU·g^-1 tissue, whereas the level of PSP in glands was higher than in muscles. DSP toxin was detected in 36 samples of 6 species, what is more, DSP level in 10 samples exceeded the safety threshold. The levels in PSP and DSP of bivalves were all higher in spring and winter with some characteristic of season. Some components of PSP toxins were detected in livers and kidneys of rats in 14d after the final administrated, but no PSP toxins were detected in spleens and brains. The components of PSP toxins detected in kidneys and livers were different, GTX4 of PSP toxins assayed in this paper, accumulated easily in kidneys and livers.Conclusin PSP level in economical bivalves in Guangzhou market was lower, and...