Research On The Coordinated Governance Mechanism Of Air Pollution In The Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei Regio

In recent years,air pollution is one of the most concerned public events in the field of ecological environment.Severe air pollution can cause significant negative impacts on climate,environment,health and economy,which runs counter to the goals of pursing high-quality economic development,harmonious coexistence between human and nature,and building a beautiful China in the new stage of development.The Beijing Tianjin Hebei region is also one of the regions which are most seriously affected by heavy pollution weather.A series of heavy pollution weather that lasted for a long time and affected a wide range of areas has had bad impact on the normal production and life of local people since 2013.Besides that,air pollution has the characteristics of complex causes and cross-regional transmission.Some experts point out that the cross-regional transmission can cause the increase of PM_2.5concentration in the air in Beijing when the heavy pollution weather occurs.Sometimes the average contribution rate of the increase of PM_2.5concentration can reach to 50%,and sometimes even to 70%.Therefore,it’s too hard to solve the problem of air pollution only by one city.All the local governments need to get together to plan as a whole and make progresses on the industrial structure,transportation structure and energy structure,which brings challenges to the traditional territorial management mode of the local governments.How to make good governance of air pollution has become an urgent problem to be solved in the process of ecological civilization construction.From a theoretical point of view,on one hand,under traditional governance concept,local governments are only responsible for the public affairs within their jurisdiction and pass policies from top to bottom in the way of"command-obedience",which makes it difficult to ensure the timeliness of governance.At the same time,there are obvious administrative barriers between local governments and unbalanced economic development between regions.Due to the influence of local departmentalism and political performance championship,inner-government cooperation is not enough and there is the phenomenon of“free riding”between local governments.Regional air pollution forms quickly,spreads widely and has a lasting impact.Therefore,regional governments should strengthen cooperation,unify early warning system and adopt joint emergency response plans to cope with it.In all,the traditional governance mode has encountered difficulties.On the other hand,the concept of collaborative governance advocates the joint participation of trans-regional,trans-hierarchical and trans-public and private sectors,through which the governance subjects can form the pursuit of common goals,share risks and benefits on the basis of repeated negotiation and bargaining,and finally realizing the governance efficiency of 1+1>2.In addition,the relatively flat power structure of collaborative governance can speed up the transmission of information and decision-makings,which can well meet the needs of governance of regional air pollution.From a practical point of view,firstly,it is the key governance task repeatedly emphasized by the state,which is promoting the joint prevention and control of air pollution in key areas.In recent years,governments at all levels have made great efforts to focus on air pollution prevention and control in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Secondly,the United States,Europe,Japan and other developed countries and regions have developed some successful experience for reference in dealing with air pollution through inter-regional cooperation.Thirdly,as the development of the economy and society,the government,the market and social subjects have acquired certain governance resources and capabilities,which lays laying a solid foundation for collaborative governance.In brief,it is theoretically necessary and practically feasible to promote the collaborative governance of regional air pollution by integrating theoretical and practical factors.In this paper,the writer focuses on the study of collaborative governance mechanism of regional air pollution.From the perspective of building the collaborative relationship between subjects,this paper constructs the analysis framework of collaborative governance mechanism from three dimensions:motivation formation mechanism,relationship interaction mechanism and operation guarantee mechanism.First of all,this paper proposes the motivation-relationship-guarantee analysis framework of collaborative governance mechanism of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.In the process of promoting the governance of air pollution,there are some objective constrains like climate,industry and population,which will affect the whole process of subjects’coordination and interaction.In this paper,the spatial econometric model is used to analyze the composition and relative intensity of the main influencing factors of the collaborative governance mechanism of air pollution from the three dimensions of environmental change,economic development and social development.Then,based on the analysis of collaborative governance models and‘three circles theory’model,this paper proposes the motivation-relationship-guarantee analysis framework of collaborative governance mechanism of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.In this framework,the motivation formation mechanism is the premise and drive force,the relationship interaction mechanism is the foundation and key and the operation guarantee mechanism is the condition and means.At last,according to the motivation-relationship-guarantee analysis framework,this paper analyzes what the central and local governments do to build the collaborative governance mechanisms and how these mechanisms affect in the governance of air pollution since 18th CPC National Congress,so that we can have a more accurate and comprehensive understanding of the reality.Secondly,a comprehensive comparison between ours and international cases can help us better understand the strengths and weaknesses.Based on the case of regional air pollution control in California,this paper analyzes the beneficial measures taken by California in the three dimensions of dynamic formation mechanism,relationship interaction mechanism and operation guarantee mechanism.Then,from the perspective of the difference of order parameters,this paper makes a comparative analysis of the difference of collaborative governance mechanism between China and the United States,which points out the advantages of the collaborative governance mechanism in China and what we can learn from the collaborative governance in the United States.Finally,on the basis of clarifying the development status and summarizing the international experience of the governance of air pollution,this paper use the motivation-relationship-guarantee analysis framework to analyzes the problems of the governance of air pollution in Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region and provides corresponding suggestions in three dimensions.The first one is about the driving force of governance.The concept of governance reflects the motivation and purpose of governance,and it is the premise and important driving force of collaborative governance that multiple subjects uphold the unified concept of governance.To promote the coordination of governance concepts,we should start from promoting the coordination of diverse subjects,and aim at achieving green development.In practice,we should constantly strengthen the governance capacity of the Communist Party and consolidate the trust relationship between subjects in the aim of promoting the improvement of regional atmospheric environment.The second one is about the relationship interaction.It is the foundation and key to promote collaborative governance to form cooperative and interactive organizational relations among multiple subjects.The governance of air pollution involves three main subjects,each of which is composed of individuals with different levels,interest motivations and governance abilities.There are many kinds of coordination,such as the coordination between subjects,and between different government departments.This paper respectively studies the difficulties in the process of subjects’interaction and the corresponding suggestions for improvement.The third one is about operation guarantee mechanisms.This paper mainly studies the problems of interest coordination mechanism,performance evaluation mechanism,information sharing mechanism and legal system in promoting collaborative governance and provides corresponding suggestions.Collaborative governance of regional air pollution is a constantly changing research topic.Although regional air quality is improving,many structural and institutional dilemmas in the process of governance remain unsolved.In the future,we should continue to improve the existing analytical framework from the aspects of expanding research methods,exploring research perspectives,approaching realistic needs and promoting practical application,so that we can use it to better guide governance practice.