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Research On Routing Protocol For Underwater Acoustic Sensor Networks

Posted on:2017-04-22Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:H T YuFull Text:PDF
GTID:1318330518972885Subject:Computer Science and Technology
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Oceanic area accounts for more than 70%of the surface of the earth,and about half of world's population live within 100km of coastal area.The ocean not only provide human beings with many natural resources,but also plays a vital role in transportation,disaster preventions,commercial development,scientific exploration,military defense and strategic planning.With the decrease of terrestrial resources,the human beings began to pay more attention to the developments and utilities of oceanic resources.However,due to the vast area and adverse underwater environments,such as high pressure and high invisibility,the traditional methods for exploring oceans are not suitable for the deep oceanic areas.As a result,the area of ocean currently explored by human beings is less than 10%of the total area.In order to complete the underwater exploration tasks,underwater acoustic sensor networks are being thought highly of by researchers and experts from scientific research institutions and related industries.Because of sparse deployment,energy constraint,high mobility,high bit error and low propagation speed,the routing protocol investigation becomes a hot topic of current academic field of underwater acoustic sensor networks.After discussing some key problems,such as reliability,energy overhead and end-to-end delay,this dissertation designs three routing protocols for underwater acoustic sensor networks to improve the comprehensive performance.The main contributions of this dissertation are summarized as followed:Firstly,in order to improve transmission reliability,reduce energy consumption and end-to-end delay for underwater acoustic sensor networks with uniform deployment of nodes,a routing protocol based next hop forwarding area and the residual distance to sink is proposed in this dissertation.In computing the forwarding priority of nodes,the volume of next hop forwarding area is considered as well as the mathematical expectation of the distance to sink,thus efficient improving the transmission reliability and reducing end-to-end delay and energy consumption in each hop.What is more,two metrics:accumulated propagation distance and forwarding time are proposed to measure the performance of networks.Simulation results validate the effectiveness and efficiency of the proposed algorithm.Secondly,to reduce the number of duplicate packets and energy efficiency in each hop,an adaptive HH-VBF for networks with single-sink architecture and random deployment of nodes is proposed where the radius of virtual pipeline is dynamically adjusted according the local network topology structure.AHH-VBF computes the pipeline radius each hop according to the vertical distance to the virtual vector to reduce the number of duplicate packets.At the same time,in the forwarding process of packets,the appropriate transmission power each hop is determined according to the distances from current node to its neighbor nodes to improve energy efficiency while guaranteeing the reliability.What is more,a neighbor node prediction mechanism is proposed according to the local network topology and the characteristic of node movements in order to reduce the energy overhead caused by control packets,and the interval between two neighbor request packets is also designed based on the change velocity of network topology.Finally,two metrics:propagation deviation factor and effective neighbor number,are proposed to illustrate the simulation results.Using NS-3 tool,AHH-VBF is evaluated in terms of packet delivery ratio,energy cost and end-to-end delay by comparing with typical routing protocols to validate the efficiency of AHH-VBF,and test the effect of parameters on network performance is also tested.Finally,a routing protocol based on weighted depth and forwarding area division is proposed for underwater acoustic sensor networks with random deployment of nodes and mluti-sink architecture,WDFAD-DBR.In order to decrease the probability of occurring void holes in local sparese area,not only the depth of current node but also the depth of expected next hop is considered in computing the holding time of packets.At the same time,using a reuleaux triangle the forwarding area is dived into a primary forwarding one and two auxiliary forwarding ones according to the node density and link quality to reduce the number of duplicate packets in local dense area in the case of guaranteeing the reliability.In addition,according to the characteristics of multi-sink architecure,a neighbor node prediction mechanism is also presented to reduce the network overhead and the collision probability of ACK control packets at recivers is also analyzed theoretically.Except comparing with typical depth-based routing protocols and testing.the effect of network parameters on performance,the relationship between packet deliver ratio and network throughput is also studied.
Keywords/Search Tags:Underwater acoustic sensor networks, Routing protocol, NS-3, Uniform deployment, Random deployment
PDF Full Text Request
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