Intelligent Data Transmission And Field Monitoring Application Based On Agricultural Internet Of Things

China is a large agricultural country, and agriculture has always been the lifeblood of the national economy. In the background which current economy has entered a new normal situation, agriculture and rural areas are facing many new challenges, such as the reducing of its international and domestic selling price of agricultural products, the shortage of agricultural resources, the lowness of its productivity, the constraints of ecological environment, the aged tendency of rural population being more remarkable and so on. Internet of things(IOT) of agriculture is establishing the information perception equipment, communication network and intelligent information processing technology at its core, with its aim of realizing agricultural scientific management, achieving the rational usage of agricultural resources, improving the ecological environment, reducing the production cost, and improving the yield and quality of agricultural products. For now, it is essential to improve the development of agricultural production efficiency and to save resources through IOT technology. The demands on the accurate perception of agricultural material networked sensors, reliable and stable transmission, and low power consumption performance is getting more pressing owing to the complex environment and poor condition of agricultural production. This thesis mainly studies the intelligent algorithms of data transmission in the agricultural IOT. Given the different energy efficiency and limited battery capacity of rechargeable sensor nodes, a new clustering routing protocol is proposed. At the same time, in order to solve the rechargeable sensor network fault-tolerant routing repair and maintain the quality of fault-tolerant routing, a routing strategy is proposed and as a result, a decrease in energy consumption and improving link fault tolerance have been realized.The main work of this thesis is as follows:(1) The thesis firstly introduces the background of agricultural IOT and the research meaning of the thesis, presenting the research and application of the current agricultural IOT technology at home and abroad, analyzing the bottleneck problems which information acquisition and transmission of agricultural IOT are facing, as well as some commonly used intelligent algorithms.(2) The general architecture and key technologies of agricultural IOT are studied, and the latest progress of IOT system model is summarized. On this basis, preliminary architecture model which is suitable for agricultural IOT is built, and also the key solutions of agricultural IOT which provides some references for the further applications and development are given.(3) A new clustering routing algorithm called CREW is proposed to solve the problems that instability and imbalance energy collection between nodes of EH-WSNs, which is composed of two phases: setup phase and transmit phase. In cluster building phase, the CREW uses two new concepts, Network Gradient and Waiting Time for cluster head Competition, to divide the network into unequal clusters and select the cluster heads based on residual energy and energy gain of nodes, respectively. In data transmission phase, it adopts an adaptive inter-cluster communication mechanism, to sufficiently store and utilize the harvesting energy. Finally, to verify the effectiveness of the proposed CREW, a series of experiments are conducted and compared with other related clustering routings for the EH-WSNs. Simulation results manifest that the CREW can provide effective clustering routing for the EH-WSNs and highlight the better performance of the proposed approach than that of similar techniques.(4) In order to solve the repair of fault-tolerant routing and maintain the quality of fault-tolerant routing, inspired by the working mechanism of the immune system, an ISRRA based on the similarity in many aspects between the fault-tolerant route repair and the immune system is proposed. The ISRRA could maintain k-best-disjoint-path from each source node to the sink. It investigates the optimal alternative routing strategies, and solves the problems with four units(the surveillance unit, the response unit, the learn unit and the memory unit) as imitating the immune system, especially for the same fault routing happened again. Moreover, during the routing recovery process, ISRRA also check other candidate routings to decide whether updating the backup routings, which is used to maintain routings’ quality and also greatly improve the fault tolerant ability of EH-WSNs. In order to overcome the limited diversity of antibody population and prematurity of clone selection algorithm used in the learning unit, an improved clone and mutation scheme inspired by the regulation laws of hormone in endocrine system is proposed in ISRRA. ISRRA can effectively provide the repair strategy of fault routing, which is particularly suitable for the case that same route repeated failures. In the process of fault route repair, ISRRA also evaluates the quality of the backup routing and determines whether the backup route needs to be replaced, to ensure the quality of the routing.(5) Combining agricultural characteristics and regional characteristics of Shanghai, the intelligent algorithm for data fusion and service collaboration of agricultural IOT in the field integrated monitoring system applications is proposed. The IOT based intelligent irrigation system can realize the monitoring of the whole process of crop growth and intelligent control optimization based on IOT of agricultural technology.At last, the thesis summarizes the research results, and makes a prospect of the next task aim and research direction.