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Research On Energy Efficient Data Gathering Protocol For Wireless Sensor Networks

Posted on:2011-04-04Degree:DoctorType:Dissertation
Country:ChinaCandidate:J YangFull Text:PDF
GTID:1118330332980548Subject:Control theory and control engineering
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Wireless sensor networks (WSNs) are distributed sensing systems which are composed of a lot of sensor nodes. The hotpots in WSNs include network location and coverage, energy-efficient data aggregation, data fusion and topology control. The design of data gathering which is one of the key problems in application of WSNs, is the primary principle of those hotpots.Data gathering protocols are responsible for transmitting sensed data from sensing field to sink node. The sensor nodes are typically powered by batteries, however the replacement of battery is very difficult and even impossible in some scenarios. Therefore, maximizing the energy efficiency is an important consideration in designing data gathering protocols. The paper is based on background of "863 Program", aims at improving the energy efficiency of data gathering, and thus prolonging the network lifetime. The results in this paper are shown as follow.1. Considering the features of large-scale WSNs, a balanceing clustering algorithm based on node ID (IDBCA) is proposed, which can not only fastly group the network into clusters, but also can achieve better structure of clustering than that of the traditional minimum ID clustering algorithm. Furthermore, considering the shortcoming of IDBCA, an energy-based clustering algorithm (ECA) is proposed for overcoming the shortcoming in IDBCA. Simulation results show that ECA can outperform tradition clustering-based data gathering algorithm in terms of energy consumption or network lifetime.2. Considering that sensor nodes in WSNs are highly space-related, in order to reduce the energy consumption and the channel interference in the cluster, we proposed the intra-cluster scheduling mechanism. Firstly, we give the calculating method of getting the number of active nodes. Secondly, we give the method of choosing the active nodes. Finally, we give the proof of effiency of the intra-cluster scheduling mechanism by the simulations.3. Considering the necessity of energy-efficient and correct data gathering in a kind of event-driven WSN, A cluster-based multi-path data gathering protocol (CBMDGP) is proposed, which integrates the advantages of clustering and multipath. Firstly, the nodes in the event area compete for becoming a clusterhead according to the distribution of theirs neighbors and residual energy. Secondly, the CBMDGP utilizes ant colony algorithm (ACA) to search for multiple paths from the clusterhead to sink, and a load balancing function is present to distribute the traffic along the multiple paths discovered. Furthermore, CBMDGP presents an efficient intra-cluster scheduling method, which is helpful of reducing the energy consumption by making redundant nodes into sleeping state. Compared with traditional data gathering protocols, CBMDGP can reduce the energy consumption and prolong the network lifetime.4. Considering the necessity of background program, we design the intelligent bio-acoustic system based on WSNs by virtue of JN5148 module. A cluster-based data gathering protocol (CDGP) is proposed to realize the energy-efficient data gathering and target surveillance. Firstly, we give a method of deciding the number of actor nodes. Furthermore, we give a method of choosing active nodes in a cluster. We also proposed an improved Dempster-Shafer evidence theory (DS) for data fusion application in targer recognition. Simulation results show that the data fusion algorithm in CDGP has the lower delay and better robustness than that of traditional algorithms.
Keywords/Search Tags:Wireless sensor networks (WSNs), Energy-efficient, Data gathering, Clustering, Ant colony algorithm (ACA), Data fusion
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