| Considering the facts that the "Kernel Word" is a pivot for the lexicology study whilethe study about Kam-Tai (Zhuang-Dong) Group and the relationship of Chinese and otherlanguages with it are famous theory of thought in contemporary linguistics, the study ofthe "Kernel Words in Kam-Tai Group" not only has important value to understanding thefeatures in early stage and change in history, but also offered a new material to thecomparison study of Han-Tibetan family. General outline of the dissertation is Swadish100-word list, and we will study on the Kernel Words comprehensively andsystematically.The dissertation is about 250,000 words, and composed of eight chapters: Chapter oneis the "introduction", introduced the general meaning, methods, steps and situation of theresearch of "Kernel Words in Kam-Tai Group". In Chapter two to Chapter seven, we studythe noun, the verb, the adjective, the numeral, the adverb, and the pronoun in 100-wordseparately. A Kernel Word is a concept in fact, and the words expressing these conceptsare not only one usually, so we study those terms one by one. About every concepts, wearranged the all terms in every languages, then discuss Proto pronunciation reconstructedby forefathers, and inspect whether there are changes in different languages and how tochange, whether there are universal law about development of term meaning, whetherthere are corresponding forms in other relatives languages, whether these changes alsoappear in other branch or family, whether there are similar examples in other languages,and discuss achievement of forefathers. It is the key part that Chapter two to Chapterseven and the noun in Chapter two, the verb in Chapter three are emphasis in Kernel Word.Chapter two consists of 8 kinds (humanity, animal and so on), 58 terms, and 56 sections,and a section is just a term in a kind. "Bark" and "skin" are discussed together because oftheir some overlap meaning, and "feather" and "hair" are also discussed in one sectionowning the same reason. Some words such as "man" ,"fish","bird", "dog", "tree", "seed", "bark" of animal kind, we discuss general term, because specific term are too many to bediscussed one by one. The word "loose" in Kernel Words of Kam-Tai was distinguishedtoo detailed, so there are many terms and the differences in every language are obvious.We can find perfect corresponding in relative languages such as "tree", "leaf", "nose","tongue", "knee", "hand", "fire", "black", and they are convincing examples proved theselanguages develop from the same Proto language. Chapter three consists of 3 kinds, 20terms, and 18 sections, among the 20 term, "eat" and "drink" are discussed togetherowning of their intimate relation; and "sleep" and "lie" are also discussed together owningof the same reason; Some words such as "eat", "drink", "bite", "see" appear frequently, sothe terms are abundant. Relationship about "die" and "kill" in some languages are intimate,perhaps one was developed fiom the other one. "Sleep", "fly" and "bum" are perfectproofs testified relationship of kinsfolk. The adjective in Chapter four includes 11 sectionsand the numeral in Chapter five, the adverb in Chapter six each includes two sections, andthe pronoun in Chapter seven includes seven sections. In Chapter eight, the conclusionabout the overall characteristic of the Kernel words in Kam-Tai group are drawn and maindiscovery and opinion are summarized.There are three distinctive features of this dissertation- The first one, we focus on theSwadish 100-word list to discuss the Kernel Words in Kam-Tai Group comprehensivelyand systematically, the study is rare now. The second one, we add Indonesia inAustronesia to compare with Kam-Tai in addition to Chinese and Tibetan to find morecognate. The third one, as an important point, we take meaning comparison into the fieldof vision semantic typology with these languages in other family of languages andobserve common development direction and whether there are laws. That would help usto find more cognate convenient. |
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