A Study Of Charity And Relief In Hunan During The Period Of Beijing Regime Of Republican China

This thesis mainly studies the charity and relief in Hunan during the period of Beijing Regime of Republican China(BRRG). In this thesis,I' ll focus on the analysis of relationship between the early Republic China society in Hunan and charity and relief,tidy up the evolution of the organization of charity and relief in the period of Republic of China in Hunan,instruct the main content of charity and relief in Hunan during the period of BRRG,investigate the operational mechanism of charity and relief during the period of BRRG,expound several main factors that influenced the development of charity and relief in Hunan during the period of BRRG,reveal its main characters,social influences,shortcomings and lessons to the development of current charity and relief in China.Through the research,we' ll understand the close relationship of social situation with charity and relief,the elementary condition of the charity and relief in Hunan during the period of BRRG,the position and function of the charity and relief in social development in Hunan.Chapter 1 mainly investigate the relationship of Hunan social situation with charity and relief during the period of BRRG,emphasize that social system is the elementary earth of the formation and development of charity and relief.In early period of Republic China in Hunan,the disasters caused by troops and bandits were very serious,politic situation was out of joint,natural disasters continued,economic condition became extremely fragile,which constituted together the social surroundings of the development and change of the charity and relief of Hunan during the period of BRRG.Chapter 2 tidy up the evolution of the organization of charity and relief in the period of Republic of China in brief, comprehended lengthways the movement and development path of charity and relief organizations.In Republic China period,the charity organizations in Hunan mainly have three kinds,that is traditional charity and relief organization which still remain dynamism through reorganization and transformation, such as General Charity of Hunan Provincial Capital;government charity and relief organization originally established,for example,Hunan Flood Relief Committee,Hunan Relief Commission, and civilian famine relief organizations,for instance,Hunan Famine Relief Committee and Hunan Chinese-Foreign Famine Relief Committee.Their actions were not only with priority given to different pursuits but also in collaboration with each other.Those civilian famine relief organizations were of crucial importance in the charity and relief in Hunan during the period of BRRG,and drove forward the modernization of Hunan' s charity and relief.Chapter 3 briefly instructs the main content of the charity and relief in Hunan including famine relief,ordinary charity and Red Cross service.The famine relief involved wartime relief,flood and drought disaster relief,and the responsibility of relief was lay with government and civilian relief organizations.In the process of relieving,some problems must be properly solved which included saving refuges and victims of natural calamity from danger,forbidding to transport rice and side crops off Hunan Province,epidemic prevention,refuge repatriation,providing relief materials, selling goods to victims of man and nature at a lower price. The ordinary charity involved helping the poor,favoring infants,helping widows,fire protection,storage of grain, rice and side crops,and so on.The intention of these actions was to help the vulnerable group,maintain some traditional morality and value,and prevent social crisis.The Red Cross Organization performed a useful role in humane help in the period of BRRG,not only in war and natural disaster relief but also in day-to-day medical and health services.Chapter 4 analyses the operational mechanism of fund-raising,disaster-investigating,and relief materials handing out of Hunan' s charity and relief in the period of BRRG according to the essential links of disaster relief,at the same time probing into the structure and operation model of Hunan' s charity and relief organizations.After discussing the operation mechanism of charity and relief,I' ll briefly analyze its essential characteristics and existing problems.Chapter 5 stresses on discussing several factors which affected Hunan' s charity and relief in early Republic China, such as personalities(for example Xiong XiLing),chamber of commerce,politics public power,church and media(that is Changsha Ta Kung Pao).Just the comprehensive function of these factors made Hunan' s charity and relief in the period of BRRG have a vital pole in maintaining society operating,take on that time and local characteristic.The Conclusion Part analyzes the main characters, contributions,existing deficiency and contemporary lessons to our country' s current charities and relieves.This attic has descriptive introductory and macro disciplinary experiential conclusion.In a word,the artic follows such route as discussing settings,tidying up veins, introducing actions,concluding characters and reflecting on experiences.Through specially exploring Hunan' s charity and relief in the period of BRRG,we' ll promote public understanding of Chinese charity history and Hunan' s modern history,and provide essential reference to the development of current charity of our country.