Scholar Style And Literature Of QingLi

Qingli in the Northern Song Dynasty was not only a key period when academic thoughts transformed, but also a period when revolutions in poetries and prose were gestated and developed. Although the political renovation in the third QingLi year failed, the political idea of 'comforting but not submitting' and academic innovative consciousness of 'self-confidence' in QingLi scholars exerted a great influence on politics, literature and schorlars' mentality afterwards. QingLi was not an accurate time period in the present study, which actually focused on the 20 years when the important scholars in QingLi were active, lasting from the end of TianSheng to the beginning of JiaYou. The gestation and development of scholar style were promoted not only by the factors such as society, economy, politics and culture of Northern Song Dynasty, but also by other two important factors. One was the conflict between the fact that queen mother Liu ruled the country and traditional ethic opinion in politics. The other was free atmosphere arisen from Song Ren Zong's characteristics and his reign style, which led to the scholar style thriving. The basic scene of scholar style in QingLi was described by the studies on the four great political events, and on the political behavior and mentality development of QingLi scholars. The underlying factors deciding the formation of scholar style were evaluated, and meanwhile, the expression of the style in literature was also investigated. The debate on Shuiluo Castle in the 4th QingLi year of the Northern Song Dynasty came from the conflict between the two different strategies in Northern Song Dynasty versus Western Xia. To understand the background of the event, the development of relationship between Song and Xia, Ren Zong's strategy to Xia, the political and military situation should be considered. The debate reflected the political idea of 'comforting but not submitting', though some discord opinions also appeared in the debate. The articles on military during QingLi expressed the care exerted by scholars on military. The characteristics that the scholars paid more attention to arguments and logic also formed a special kind of taste in the articles. The QingLi scholar style's thriving stimulated the political literature' prosperity. However, 'Interference in politics through poetries and proses' was a special expression of political literature. By the studies on 'Poetries of QingLi Emperor's Virtue', the social background, the effects on politics andscholar style at that time were investigated. Although the political literature, charactered by 'Interference in politics through poetries and proses', was of great spirit value, the history judgement arisen from it was not so correct, which sped up the scholars' polarization. With the establishment of civil officials system and complication of political conflict, the exile literature surpassed the literature itself and turned to be a culture phenomenon with abundant connotation under the feudal bureaucracy system. By the studies on Notes of the YueYang Pavilion, and its characters and affairs, the limitation of scholars' reign and the tragic factors of scholar style ruining itself were investigated. The case of 'Jin Zou Yuan' happened during QingLi period of the Northern Song Dynasty had a great influence at that time due to the peculiarity of case spots, persons related to the case and political situation. Seemingly as an economic case, the case of 'Jin Zou Yuan' in fact warned and adjusted scholars' flippancy. The importance of 'Jin Zou Yuan' case has long been ignored, while its effects on the development of scholar mentality should be attached more importance to in history.