Environmental Policy Research, Under The Open Economy

With the development of open economy in many countries and the enlargement of worldwide economic scales, the increasing discontinuous production and consumption surpass the bearing capacity of the natural environment, which lead to the global degradation, and even lead to the environmental pollution and biological destruction in local area and territory. From the economic point of view, the main reason that contribute to the environmental problems is the negative exogenous property .All the measures to diminish environmental negative exogenous property consist the environmental policy. Under the circumstances of open economy, the environmental policy enforced by a county will affect not only this country but also the countries that have trade relations with this one. On the basis of research carried by anterior scholars, this article will analyze and discuss the policy under open economy, hoping that it can be used for reference for open economy and environmental protection.This article is divided into 10 chapters. The first chapter will comment generally on the theory and demonstration research on the environmental problem and open economy, including remark on the status quo of the environmental policy research and bring forward the research direction and main content of this article. The second chapter will set out from ideas of sustainable development and discuss the duties assumed by countries in solving the environmental problem, especially the duty of construction. The third chapter will enter on from three aspects, i.e. the confliction arisen from the environmental problem, the sort of environmental policy and optimum choice of environmental policy and discuss the basic aspects of environmental policy. The fourth chapter will start off from economic viewpoint and discuss the characters of environmental policies with their advantages and shortcomings and the applicable scope. The fifth chapter will analyze and discuss in depth the potential confliction between WTO and Multinational Environmental Agreements (MEAs), which are both concerning the environmental problems and trade and supply possible way in solving problems. The sixth chapter will employ the specific environmental policy, that is, pollution tariff and direct pollution disposal and make an assay of the effect on exporting of one country. At the same time, discussion on reactions between tariff policy and import will be carried out. The seventh chapter will take small country in trade as example, discussing how a country would choose the optimum environmental policy, which should ensuring the harmonious development of trade and environment. Chapter eight introduces the experience of reform on environment tariff of OECD, supplying useful reference for China. Chapter nine analyze the optimum choice of environment tariff, taking long-term economic growth into consideration. Chapter ten will probe comprehensively into the influences brought by the open policy, aiming at China's open economy and environmental policy. Also the content of China's environmental policy will be evaluated. At the end of this article, suggestions will be put forward about the environmental policy that should be carried out by China andthe negotiation in WTO.The viewpoints and conclusions of this article can be summed up as the following:(1)About the environment problem, countries should not only assume the duties of protecting the existent human beings, but also the obligations of protection of separate generations, in order to avert compressing and exploiting the opportunities of existence and development of next generations.(2 ) There are different advantages and shortcomings for different environmental policy al policy, having different applicable scope. On the contrary, economy prompting environmental policy can get the aim of environment protection under market mechanism. While under the circumstances of open policy, the optimum environmental policy should be environmental tariff and fee policy.(3) The possible means of settling the confliction...