| Forest landscape pattern is the spatial distribution and the assembling characteristics of forest landscape factors. To Lijiang River Scenic Beauty, forest vegetation is not only protector of ecological environment, but also sustainer of Lijiang River runoff and the vital tourism resources. In this paper, the current features of forest landscape pattern and their dynamic have been analyzed by applying the RS and GIS data in 1991, 2000 and 2006 in combination with the findings of plot survey. Forest landscape health status of the locality has also been assessed synthetically by establishing a forest landscape ecological health assessment indicator system, so as to order useful information for forest landscape planning, managing and environment conserving of the scenic beauty.The feature analysis of forest landscape pattern indicates that the area of forest type patches accounts for 65%, which is the matrix of the research area; the area of special-used land accounts for 23%, which is the basis of Lijiang River karst landscape; Lijiang River is a vital corridor in the scenic beauty. The maximal shape index (114) of special-used land reflects the actuality of the karst landscape objectively. The shape index of broad-leaved forest, coniferous forest and shrub forest in forest patches are 115, 76 and 59 respectively,which shows that the broad-leaved forest takes a complicated boundary shape. According to fractal indexes, the stability of different landscape categories is various. The performance in turn is: tor shrub land, special-use land, water area, forest land, cropland, residential area.The average density of patches in research area is 0.28, and the densities of coniferous forest, tor shrub forest and broad-leaved forest are 1.37, 0.61 and 0.07 respectively, which shows that coniferous forest had a more dispersive distribution. The boundary density of forest land patch is 145, reflecting an irregular boundary. The landscape aggregation index is 83, diversity index is 1.38, evenness index is 0.71, richness index is 0.02, dominance index is 0.57 for the whole landscape, which shows that the percentages of different landscape categories is various and the heterogeneity level is in medium status.The dynamic analysis of forest landscape pattern indicates that the percentages of forest types are all over 60% by area in all three research periods. Broad-leaved forest is the dominant forest landscape and the area percentages are from 66% to 80% in the three periods. The residential area has been 3.3 times outspread in 15 years, while the percentage of forest type by area is reflecting a decline tendency after the year 2000.The average area of each patch is 3.2 ha in 1991, 2.6 ha in 2000 and 3.6 ha in 2006, took on ascending tendency in recent years. The average area of forested patches is keeping a steady development in recent years. But the average area of cropland patches is 2.7 times outspread in 15 years. The shape index of the overall landscape is 96, 115 and 93 in 1991, 2000 and 2006. The overall landscape patch density is 31, 38 and 28 in 1991, 2000 and 2006 respectively, and the diversity index is 1.52 in 1991, 1.33 in 2000 and 1.38 in 2000.From forest community to forest landscape, 27 indicators coming down to the content of 6 aspects, which including landscape heterogeneity, patch characters, forest community productivity, community structure, community resistance and local environment condition, were used to establish the health assessment indicator system. The integrated assessment score for forest landscape ecological health is 0.65 based on the Principle Component Analysis Method, showing that the health status of the forest landscape is"good". |
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