Non-suicidal Self-harm Behavior Among Secondary Vocational School Students: A Mediation Effect Model And Its Intervention Stud

Vocational education is one of the important types of education in China,but the social recognition of vocational education is not high.As the main target of vocational education,secondary school students are usually losers in secondary school examinations,and the society generally has low expectations on their development.In addition to the psychological contradictions of adolescence,secondary school students also face more frustration,social opinion and employment pressure,which makes them more likely to fall into physical and mental health crisis.A bad physical and mental state will not only greatly affect the normal study and life of secondary school students,but also erode the vocational education system in China,thus causing a great loss of talents.Negative life events cause emotional dysregulation and lifestyle changes that result in maladaptive conditions,while life attitudes refer to the individual’s values and perceptions of social lifestyles and life,illness,and death in general,and coping styles refer to the cognitive,emotional,and behavioral responses that individuals display in response to negative life events,which can regulate stress and allow individuals to better adapt to their environment.Life attitudes and coping styles have an impact on non-suicidal self-injurious behavior,however,the mechanisms by which this occurs are unclear because people’s physical and mental health and coping styles also interact.Therefore,this study explores the relationship between negative life events,life attitudes,coping styles,and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors from a mental health perspective.Furthermore,based on the theoretical study,interventions on life attitudes and coping styles of secondary school students through group counseling will be conducted to provide a basis for practical work.This study consists of two parts.Study 1 is based on the motivation-volition stage model as the theoretical basis,and investigates the negative life events,life attitudes,coping styles and non-suicidal selfinjurious behaviors of 1150 secondary school students through questionnaires,analyzes the characteristics of the above variables and their differences in socio-demographic variables,and focuses on exploring the relationship between the variables and the possible mediation of coping styles between negative life events and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors The study also focused on the relationship between the variables and the possible mediating role of coping style between negative life events and non-suicidal self-injurious behaviors,and the possible moderating role of life attitude between coping style and non-suicidal selfinjurious behaviors.Based on the theoretical results of Study 1,Study 2 developed a comprehensive group counseling program for secondary school students’ life attitudes and coping styles.To test the theoretical results and the effectiveness of the intervention program,the study used an experimental design of 2(intervention group/control group)*2(pre/post intervention),with a group counseling intervention for the intervention group of middle school students and an equivalent length of self-study activities for the control group of students,with self-study activities unrelated to the intervention program.Six months after the end of the intervention,follow-up measures were administered to the intervention and control groups to test the retention effect of the intervention program.The main results of this study are as follows: the scores of secondary vocational students in negative life events and non-suicidal self-injury behavior are below the average level,and the scores of life attitude and coping style are above the average level,and there are significant differences in different demographic variables,among which negative life events are significantly different in gender,age and the only child.There are also significant differences in life attitude in gender,age and student origin,coping style in gender and student origin,non-suicidal self-injury behavior in gender and age.Negative life events,coping style,life attitude and non-suicidal self-injury behavior are correlated.Negative life events have a positive predictive effect on non-suicidal self-injury behavior of secondary vocational students,and coping style plays a partial mediating role between negative life events and non-suicidal self-injury behavior.Life attitude moderates the mediating effect between coping style and non-suicidal self-injury behavior.Group psychological counseling can positively improve the life attitude and coping style of group members,and can effectively reduce the non-suicidal self-injury behavior of secondary vocational students,and the effect of intervention is good within half a year after the end of intervention.Based on the above research results,the following conclusions can be drawn:(1)Non-suicidal selfinjury behavior is a common psychological behavior problem of secondary vocational students,and negative life events are important factors affecting non-suicidal self-injury behavior;(2)Coping style and life attitude play mediating and moderating roles in the association between negative life events and non-suicidal selfinjury behaviors of secondary vocational students;(3)Group psychological counseling intervention program can positively improve the coping style and life attitude level of secondary vocational students,and help to prevent and control non-suicidal self-injury behavior of secondary vocational students.