| Objective: To understand the major occupational hazard types,exposure levels,above-standard conditions,shelters,and medical examination results for various manganese-exposed workers in various types of manganese operation projects in the production process in recent years.Evaluate the control effect of the main occupational hazard factors of the manganese operation project in Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region and the health surveillance of manganese workers,determine the key prevention and control direction of occupational disease hazards,and provide the basis for the prevention and control of occupational hazards and occupational health monitoring of the manganese operation project.Method:(1)Taking 17 projects operating manganese in disability Zhuang Autonomous such as product research,is divided into 4 projects manganese electronic,5 projects production combination of silico-manganese,7 projects production ferroalloy and 1 welding press and coating Through risk assessment work and screening,identifying personal exposure levels for major health hazards in the workplace,collecting health screening data from product supervisors,and analyzing the presence of risk factors at work,exposure to work hazards and medical test results.(2)Investigate the occupational health examination results of on-the-job manganese workers in an electrolytic manganese enterprise in Guangxi from 2017 to 2019 for three consecutive years.The research indicators include blood routine,urine routine,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,liver function,pure tone hearing,urine manganese content,etc.,Analyze the relationship between manganeseexposed workers’ age,length of service,post and abnormal rates of some physical examination indicators,the relationship between manganese-exposed workers’ urine manganese value and workers’ age,length of service,post,and the correlation between urine manganese content and abnormal physical examination indicators.Results:(1)The over-standard rate of individual dust sampling and detection points in the workplaces of 17 manganese operation projects was 13.35%,and the maximum individual exposure was 22.0 mg/m3;the over-standard rate of noise individual sampling and detection points was 9.36%,and the maximum individual exposure was 91.7 d B;The over-standard rate of individual sampling points for manganese and its compounds was 3.88%,and the maximum individual exposure was 1.057mg/m3.There was no statistically significant comparison of the overstandard rates of occupational hazards among the four types of manganese enterprises.(2)According to the survey results of the project’s protective facilities,the compliance rate of dust and virus prevention was 52.9%,the compliance rate of high temperature protection facilities was 76.5%,and the compliance rate of noise protection facilities was 82.4%.In terms of personal protective equipment,3projects did not provide noise protection earplugs.One project did not provide dust masks that met the requirements.(3)The pass rate of mandatory occupational health monitoring items was41.17%,and the pass rate of physical examination cycle was 64.71%.None of the17 projects organized physical examinations when leaving the job as required;the overall participation rate of occupational health examinations was 80.85%,blood routines Abnormal rate 13.3%;abnormal urine routine 13.9%;abnormal blood pressure rate 11.8%;abnormal electrocardiogram rate 9.5%,hearing abnormality rate 5.0%,liver function abnormality rate 5.4%,lung function abnormality rate4.6%,There were statistically significant differences in the detection rates of various types of manganese task blood routines,urine routines,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,liver function,and lung function abnormalities(P <0.05).(4)From 2017 to 2019,the abnormal rate of physical examination of manganese workers at the electrolytic manganese factory was 70.62%,79.56%,and 89.87%.The abnormal rate was different in three years and showed a trend of increasing year by year,with different genders,different age groups,and different There was no statistically significant difference in the detection rate of abnormal health examinations among workers in the working age group and different positions;the abnormal detection rates of blood routine,blood pressure,electrocardiogram,hearing,liver function,and urine manganese value of manganese-exposed workers were 18.3% and 21.9%,respectively,28.2%,4.8%,9.6%,1.9%,abnormal blood pressure and urine manganese abnormalities in different age groups were statistically significant(P<0.05).(5)The urine manganese content of workers in a manganese project is 0.10～95.09 μg/L,and the geometric mean is 0.56 μg/L.The difference in urine manganese content of workers in three years is statistically significant(P<0.05).The difference in manganese values was statistically significant(P<0.05);there was no statistically significant difference in urine manganese values of different genders,ages,and years of service;regression analysis found that the urine manganese content of workers was correlated with abnormal electrocardiogram(P<0.05).Conclusion:(1)In the Guangxi Manganese Operation Project,workers still have exposure to dust concentration,noise intensity,and manganese and its compound concentration exceeding the standard.The protective facilities are not standardized.The period of occupational health examinations and inspection items for some projects are unqualified.Workers The abnormal rate of physical examination is relatively high,and the supervision of occupational disease prevention and control should be strengthened,the working environment should be actively improved,and the health protection of manganese operators should be improved.(2)Abnormal health conditions of manganese-exposed workers in a manganese operation company are common,and the abnormal health rate is increasing year by year.Among them,the abnormal rate of blood routine,electrocardiogram and blood pressure is relatively high.The overall urinary manganese value of manganese-exposed workers is normal.The content is related to age,and manganese exposure has a certain effect on abnormal ECG.Objective:To observe the toxic effect of manganese exposure on BV2 microglia through in vitro cytotoxicity experiments,and the therapeutic effect of chelating agent on sodium aminosalicylate(PAS-Na)by inhibiting NF-κB signaling pathway on manganese-induced neuroinflammation.The occurrence and development of manganese poisoning and the protective mechanism of PASNa are discussed.Methods:Establish an in vitro microglia model of manganese staining,set gradient concentration groups,add manganese chloride(Mn Cl2)for infection and culture,and use NF-k B inhibitor JSH-23 as a positive control,and add sodium paminosalicylate(PAS-Na)was used for intervention treatment,24 hours after exposure,the changes in cell morphology were observed under a microscope,cell activity was measured by MTT,and inflammatory factors such as TNF-α,IL-1β,and inflammatory factors were measured by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay(ELISA).IL-6 release,observe the intervention and treatment effects of chelating agent PAS-Na on manganese-infected cells by inhibiting the NF-k B pathway.Results:The results of MTT showed that BV2 cell activity decreased significantly after manganese treatment,and PAS-Na treatment could restore the reduced cell activity induced by manganese to a certain extent;Elisa experiment found that compared with the control group,BV2 cells released TNF after Mn treatment-α,IL-1β levels are significantly increased,and PAS-Na intervention and JSH-23 inhibition can reduce the release of inflammatory factors TNF-α and IL-1β induced by manganese exposure.Conclusion:The intervention of sodium aminosalicylate(PAS-Na)can restore manganese-induced decrease in the viability of BV2 cells to a certain extent,and PAS-Na can inhibit the NF-κB signaling pathway,thereby reducing manganese-induced inflammation of BV2 cellst he release level of cytokines. |
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