Study On Species Diversity And Geographical Distribution Pattern Of Wild Primula L. In Guizhou Provinc

Primula L.belongs to Primulaceae,which is the largest genus in the family.The plants of this genus are widely distributed and highly endemic,with diverse living environment,rich morphological variation,and high ornamental value.It is a world famous ornamental flower,known as "Three famous mountain flowers in China".There are about 600 species worldwide.Hengduan Mountains and Eastern Himalaya,the modern distribution and diversification centers of primrose,have the most abundant primrose species.Based on a large number of basic data and literature,we updated the species list of wild primrose in China,counted the species diversity,composition and other information,and established the geographical distribution database of wild primrose in China.The species diversity and geographical distribution characteristics of Primula in Guizhou are still unclear.Due to the separation of early gatherers and researchers,incomplete specimen records,difficulties in specimen preparation,changes in place names and many other factors,some species character description and identification errors have not been solved.This study carried out a systematic and comprehensive investigation on the genus resources of Guizhou primrose,and combined with the textual research of literature,updated the genus plant list of Guizhou Primrose,clarified the species diversity of the genus of primula in Guizhou,explored the geographical distribution pattern of the genus of primula in Guizhou,so as to find out the resource background of Guizhou primrose.The main research results are as follows:(1)Through literature and type specimen studies,combined with field investigations,this study has finally established a list of wild Primula plants in Guizhou.As of April 2023,a total of 21 species(including subspecific units)were recorded,including 9 Primula groups.In the genus Primula of Guizhou,there are abundant components of Chinese and Guizhou endemic species,including 19 Chinese endemic species,accounting for 90.5% of the total species in Guizhou,and 6 Guizhou endemic species,accounting for 29.1% of the total species.The Primula group and Primula obovula group are the most abundant species,the highest species endemic rate,and the most published new taxa within the Primula group in Guizhou,becoming the most important component of the genus Primula in Guizhou.(2)In this study,Two new recorded species,P.pellucida Franch、P.pelargoniifolia G.Hao,C.M.Hu & Z.Y.Liu,P.tardiflora(C.M.Hu)C.M.Hu;Clarified P.lithophila F.H.Chen &C.M.Hu and P.pelargoniifolia G.Hao,C.M.Hu & Z.Y.Liu,P.dentulata Sm.and P.dentulata subsp inodenticulata(Balf.f.& Forrest).The problem of species confusion in Sinonumera(Balf.f.&Forrest)W.W.Sm;P.lithophila F.H.Chen,P.tsiangii W.W.Sm.,P.cavaleriei Petitm,P.angustifolia Petitm,P.villiformis G.Hao,C.M.Hu & Y.Xu,P.pelargoniifolia G.Hao,C.M.Hu &Z.Y.Liu,et al.,have conducted supplementary descriptions of traits;Clarified the P.sertolum Franch.、P.cernua Franch Misloading、P.pseudonumerata Pax;P.kweichouensis var.venulosa C.M.Hu conducted taxonomic processing,upgrading from variety to species.(3)The geographical distribution of the genus Primula in Guizhou is characterized by a wide range and concentrated distribution.At the county level,the hotspots with the richest species of Primula are Weining Yi Hui Miao Autonomous County,Chishui City,Xishui County,Suiyang County,and Daozhen Gelao Miao Autonomous County.From the perspective of geographical units,the genus Primula in Guizhou is mainly distributed in the Wumeng Mountains in the west,the Miaoling Mountains in the middle,and the Dalou Mountains in the north,the Danxia landform in Chishui,and the Wuling Mountains;On the vertical altitude gradient,the species of Primula in Guizhou are most abundant in the altitude range of 1000～1500m,with the highest similarity between 2000～2500m and 2500～2900m.The species composition of Primula in Guizhou is mainly composed of species of Primula at medium and low altitudes;In terms of habitat landforms,the most species of Primula are distributed in karst landform counties,and the karst rocky type is the most widely distributed habitat type of Primula in Guizhou.