Research On Key Technologies Of Direct Seeding Hybrid Rice In Hilly Areas Of Chongqin

Food security,which is closely related to economic development and social health and stability,is an important component of national security and the cornerstone of supporting national security.Rice is one of the most important grain crops in our country,and is the main grain for nearly half of the population in our country.The city is located in the Southwest China and upper reaches of the Yangtze River.There are many mountains and ravines in the city,with a wide elevation difference.98.50% of the rice fields are hilly and mountainous,it is restricted by the special geographical conditions of hilly and mountainous areas,the adverse conditions of low light and high humidity in southwest mountainous areas,and the extreme climate of high temperature and drought in grain filling stage of rice,the rice production efficiency in Chongqing is not high,the production benefit is low,the enthusiasm of farmers to plant rice is declining year by year,and from time to time there will be seasonal abandoned rice field phenomenon.It is very important to stabilize the agricultural basic plate and the production capacity of grain crops,especially rice,for ensuring the food security and social stability in the production-marketing balanced area.More simple and convenient direct seeding rice cultivation technology can play a very good role in alleviating the difficulties of rice cultivation in hilly areas.The purpose of this study is to select the rice varieties suitable for direct seeding and flooding direct seeding in Chongqing hilly area,and to optimize the direct seeding cultivation techniques,so as to provide reference for the development of high-quality direct seeding of hybrid rice in Chongqing hilly area.According to the study:(1)Daliangyou 111,Chuannong You 538 and Ruishi No.9,were screened out,and one sensitive material,U 8 you 528,was screened out,the others were Shen9 you 28,Yexiangyou Haisi,Yongyou 4953,Pingxiangyoumeizhen,Yixiangyou 2118,U8 you 508,zhongxiangyou 904,and Uyou 1508.Different types of rice materials have different adaptability to direct seeding under water.Daliangyou 111,chuannongyou 538 and Ruishi9 can be used as reference materials for breeding of direct seeding under water.The varieties with strong seed germination ability and seedling quality can be selected in the selection of the varieties suitable for direct seeding under waterlogging,which can improve the emergence rate and seedling rate of direct seeding under waterlogging and ensure the yield of direct seeding under waterlogging.(2)According to the experimental results,it can be concluded that the seedlings of Shen9 You 28,U You 1508,and C Liangyou Yuehe silk have strong resistance to lodging and pests;The field emergence and seedling quality of U You 1508 and Shen 9 You 28 were better;U You 1508 and U8 You 528 have the best weed control effects;The overall trend of chlorophyll changes among different varieties is consistent,with the highest chlorophyll content before the late stage of young spike differentiation and gradually decreasing thereafter.The highest chlorophyll content during the mature stage is found in C Liangyou Yuehe silk;U You 1508,C Two You Yuehe Silk Seedlings,and Shen 9 You 28 have more dry matter accumulation and nitrogen;The POD activity of C Liangyou Yuehe silk seedlings is relatively high.Based on the comprehensive evaluation of the various performance of the tested rice varieties,U8 You 1508 performs relatively well,while Shen9 You 28 has the highest yield and good quality.The high-quality yield of C Liangyou Yuehe Silk Seedling is slightly lower than the first two,making them suitable for planting in the hilly areas of Chongqing.(3)Through the field experiment of different sowing date,different amount of seed per mu,different amount of fertilizer and the way of fertilizer application,the results showed that the sowing date was about the middle of April,that is,on April 11,the suitable sowing rate is 1.5 kg/667 m ～ 2,the optimum fertilization mode is 8.6 kg/667 m ～ 2(base fertilizer: Top Fertilizer: promote flower fertilizer: Flower Fertilizer = 30% : 30% : 20% :20%),it is beneficial to the healthy and green production of rice while ensuring the yield and quality.