The Prognostic Value Of Controlling Nutritional Status Score (CONUT Score) In Patients With Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

Objective:To determine the prognostic value of controlling nutritional status score(CONUT score)in patients with multipe myeloma(MM).Methods:A total of 58 patients newly diagnosed with MM who were diagnosed in Hebei General Hospital from June 2016 to June 2022 were retrospectively enrolled.The collected clinical data of the patients involved gender,age,body mass index(BMI),M protein type,International Staging System(ISS),Durie-Salmon stage,hemoglobin(HGB),red blood cell(RBC),white blood cell(WBC),platelet(PLT),neutrophils(NEU),lymphocyte(LYMPH),monocyte(MONO),eosinophil(EO),basophil(BASO),red cell volume distributing width(RDW),albumin(ALB),β2 microglobulin(β2-MG),C-reactive protein(CRP),erythrocyte sedimentation rate(ESR),cholesterol(CHO),lactic dehydrogenase(LDH),serum calcium,serum corrected calcium,serum creatinine(Scr),bone destruction,nerve injury and infection.SPSS 26.0 software is used for data analysis.The optimum cut-off value of the CONUT score was calculated by the receiver operating characteristic curve(ROC).Kaplan Meier curve was used in survival analysis and Log rank test in comparison.Chi-square test was used to compare categorical variable.Independent t-test was used to compare continuous variable.Mann-Whitney U test was used in non-parameter statistics.Results:Compared with patients with low CONUT score(<5.5),patients with high CONUT score(>5.5)had worse OS(median OS was not reached,P=0.038).Especially in patients with ISS Ⅰ or Ⅱ,DS Ⅰ or Ⅱ,the prognostic effect of CONUT score was more significant.In multivariate analysis,CONUT score(P=0.012),monocyte count(P=0.008),eosinophil count(P=0.031)and serum lactate dehydrogenase level(P=0.001)were independent risk factors for OS.Age(P=0.018),monocyte count(P=0.009)and serum lactate dehydrogenase level(P=0.012)are independent prognostic factors for PFS.Conclusion:CONUT score is an independent predictor of OS for MM patients,especially in patients with both low ISS staging and DS staging.And CONUT score has significant predictive value for patients’ prognosis.