Investigation And Analysis Of Perinatal Birth Defects In Guilin,Guangxi Zhuang Autonomous Region,2018-2020

Objective(s):BDS refer to abnormalities in the function or structure of the embryo at birth,and are the main causes of early miscarriage,perinatal death,and lifelong disability in perinatal infants.Birth defects have become a major public health issue that endangers children’s health and affects the quality of the population at birth.The hospital based birth defect survey analyzes the epidemiological characteristics and causes of birth defects in Guilin City,providing scientific basis for the prevention of birth defects and providing a basis for the prevention and treatment of birth defects in our city.Method(s):The system collects monitoring data on perinatal birth defects in Guilin from 2018 to 2020,and obtains relevant data on perinatal birth defects over the years,including perinatal information(type of birth defect,gender,weight,outcome,etc.)and maternal information(age,pregnancy,parity,educational level,economic status,physical condition,and drug use during pregnancy,etc.).Statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 28.0,descriptive analysis,and chi-square test,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The epidemiological characteristics and etiology of birth defects in Guilin were analyzed.Result(s):1.From 2018 to 2020,there were 147817 cases of perinatal babies in Guilin,and there were 2003 cases of perinatal birth defects.The prevalence rate of birth defects was 13.55 ‰.The top five types of birth defects were congenital heart disease(3.43 ‰),polydactyly(3.22 ‰),syndactyly(1.14 ‰),external ear malformation(1.08 ‰),and talipes equinovarus(0.91 ‰).Perinatal infants of different sexes had no statistical significance for birth defects(p>0.0167).The incidence of birth defects in single births was the highest among the number of births(96.75%),with statistical significance(P<0.05).The highest incidence(86.87%)was found seven days after diagnosis(P<0.05).Pregnant mothers of different ages had statistically significant effects on birth defects(P<0.05).There was a statistically significant difference between urban and rural areas(P<0.05).2.In the etiology classification,we found that 177 cases(8.84%)during the study period found possible causes,including genetic causes(54.80%),environmental causes(41.81%),and gene-environment interaction causes(3.39%).The remaining 1826 cases(91.16%)failed to find a possible cause of disease.3.From 2018 to 2020,there were 507 cases of CHD in Guilin,accounting for 25.31 ‰ of the total incidence of birth defects.The incidence rate of congenital heart disease increased year by year.The top 5 most common subtypes of congenital heart disease are: atrial septal defect(2.10 ‰),patent ductus arteriosus(0.76 ‰),ventricular septal defect(0.68 ‰),atrioventricular septal defect(0.38 ‰),and tetralogy of Fallot(0.05 ‰).In perinatal infants,congenital heart disease was not statistically significant between men(53.85%)and women(45.96%)(P>0.0167).The highest incidence of congenital heart disease in singletons(95.27%)was statistically significant(P<0.05).The incidence of congenital heart disease diagnosed by ultrasound was the highest(82.05%)with statistical significance(P<0.05).The highest incidence of congenital heart disease(89.94%)was found when the diagnosis time was seven days postpartum(P<0.05).The incidence of congenital heart disease among pregnant mothers of different ages was statistically significant(P<0.05),with the highest incidence of maternal age ranging from 30 to 34 years,accounting for 35.70%.The incidence of congenital heart disease in rural areas was the highest(58.78%),which was statistically significant compared to urban areas(P<0.05).The highest incidence of congenital heart disease(45.17%)was found when the mother gave birth "once"(P<0.05).Conclusion(s):The prevalence of birth defects in Guilin is increasing year by year,with the highest prevalence of congenital heart disease,ranking first.In the etiological analysis,only 117 cases(8.84%)can find a possible cause.Therefore,it is also necessary to strengthen the monitoring and preventive measures for birth defects,reduce birth defects,and improve the quality of the birth population.