Mechanism Of Glucose Detection In Sweat Based On Transdermal Drug Delivery System

Diabetes is one of the most severe chronic diseases affecting human health today.The complications caused by diabetes,such as neuropathy,cardiovascular disease,kidney disease,and eye disease,significantly reduce patients’quality of life and shorten their life span.By the end of 2021,537 million cases of diabetes had been diagnosed globally,and6.7 million people died of diabetes and related complications in the year.The extremely high prevalence has led countries to increase their investment in testing and treatment every year,with 9%of global health spending on diabetes.Blood glucose detection is a to evaluate blood glucose levels.It is a threading guide for diabetes prevention and condition evaluation,but it is an invasive examination method and can’t be continuously monitored.The use of a long time can lead to patient‘s physiological and psychological double burden,which also exacerbates rising healthcare costs.Therefore,in totalize human noninvasive glucose level,and continuous monitoring requirements,the master graduate student period main work is dedicated to the fulfillment of the sweat of transdermal drug delivery system based on glucose detection research,to do the noninvasive sweat glucose,continuous and stable,accurate and low-cost detection,aims to provide new methods for diabetes prevention and disease tracking,specific research work is as follows:1.Establishment of a transdermal drug delivery system for in situ sweat-stimulated secretionSweat is an excellent non-invasive detection source of glucose,it is difficult to obtain stably in large quantities.To solve the problem of the source of the sweat glucose detection,this research through the preparation of a class has urged the khan effect of transdermal drug delivery gel,using acetylcholine chloride as perspire function active pharmaceutical,Tween^?80 and ethyl lactate as promoting agent,supplemented byα-tocopherol and polyvinylpyrrolidone reach the purpose of antioxidant and crosslinking molding components,To achieve non-invasive and continuous stimulation of the area of skin perspire function.Compared with the commonly used methods such as thermal and electrical stimulation,the prepared transdermal drug delivery gel has no discomfort when used,good biocompatibility,a simple preparation process,and low cost.Under the optimal condition,the skin delivery rate of the gel to acetylcholine chloride was up to 48μM·cm^-2·h^-1,and the amount of evaporated sweat produced by the skin stimulation was up to 35μL·cm^-2·24 h^-1,which met the required amount of sweat for the detection of glucose in sweat.At the same time to verify the push khan gel application universality,according to different parts of skin thickness of application and experiment results show that even the thickest part of the epidermis in the human body,still shows a certain perspire effect,shows that they have to perspire effect of transdermal drug delivery gel can sweat glucose sensor for subsequent integration and the development of detecting technology to build a solid foundation,It also provides a new idea for the development of sweat stimulation technology.2.Establishment of the integrated sweat glucose sensor and detection technologyTo achieve accurate and convenient detection of sweat glucose,a low-cost and replaceable sensor was prepared in this study.The detection limit and sensitivity of the sensor are 17.64μM and 6.78μA·μm^-1,respectively.The sensor can maintain excellent detection performance in the range of p H value and sodium chloride content of human sweat.In addition,to help perspire gel sweat transportation to the stimulation of detection sensor smoothly carries on,at the same time to sweat glucose detection equipment"perspire-guide-detection"integration function,this study designed double microfluidic channels,at the same time,the preparation of a kind of high water-absorbing resin and polyvinyl alcohol synthesis absorbent gel to strengthen the function of the microfluidic channel.The sweat-absorbing gel is maintained under the p H and sodium chloride concentration range contained in sweat,can play the role of isolating pollutants,and greatly improve the sweat utilization rate and detection accuracy.The manufactured double-layer microfluidic channel has simple technology,a small size,and good flexibility.The reasonable layout cleverly accommodates sweat-perspire gel,sweat-absorbing gel,and sensor,so that they can play their respective roles smoothly and perfectly meet the integrated function of"sweat-perspire,flow diversion,and detection"of the equipment.Clinical tests for glucose sensor device integration of sweat and blood glucose meter and interstitial fluid glucose monitoring system also compare the results,the results show good detection performance and relevance,showing that the proposed based on transdermal drug delivery system of sweat glucose detection technology can accurately and conveniently for continuous monitoring of human body sweat glucose,The correct response of human glucose level has great application value for diabetes prevention and disease tracking.