| Objective:The related parameters of interradicular septum(IRS)height,width,and maxillary sinus were measured in the maxillary first molar(M1)area by cone beam computed tomography(CBCT).The effects of maxillary sinus pneumatization type,gender,and age on various parameters were assessed to provide a certain reference for immediate implantation in the M1 area.Methods:We collected 288 patients with a total of 576 lateral maxillary sinuses from January2021 to December 2022 who visited the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University Department of Dentistry and underwent CBCT scanning.According to the pneumatization of the alveolar process of the maxillary sinus,they were divided into the normal pneumatization group of the alveolar process and the extensive pneumatization group of the alveolar process;According to the pneumatization of the palatal process of maxillary sinus,they were divided into the normal pneumatization group of the palatal process and the extensive pneumatization group of the palatal process;According to gender,they were divided into two groups of men and women,and according to age,they were divided into group A(18～35 years old),group B(36～55 years old),and group C(56 years old or older).The plane in which the mesiobuccal root,distobuccal root,and palatal root apices of the M1 is closest to the coronal side was recorded as plane a.Measure the distance from the furcation to the plane a(DFA),distance from the plane a to the sinus floor(DAS),distance from the furcation to the sinus floor(DFS),IRS buccopalatal width(BPW)and mesiodistal width(MDW),sinus width at 5 mm and 10 mm height levels from the lowest point of the sinus floor(SW-5,SW-10),thickness of the sinus lateral wall at 5 mm height levels from the lowest point of the sinus floor(TSLW-5),sinus angle(SA),palatonasal recess(PNR),distance from the palatonasal recess to the alveolar crest(DPA).Results:1.In the alveolar process pneumatization classification of the maxillary sinus,the alveolar process normal pneumatization group means DFS,DAS,SW-5,SW-10,TSLW-5,SA,PNR,DPA were(12.64±3.11)mm,(5.18±2.74)mm,(13.96±1.81)mm,(17.34±1.56)mm,(2.77±1.08)mm,(81.86±13.06)°,(142.50±15.67)°,(17.91±2.18)mm;The alveolar process extensive pneumatization group means DFS,DAS,SW-5,SW-10,TSLW-5,SA,PNR,DPA were(6.49±2.17)mm,(-0.49±2.01)mm,(16.96±2.19)mm,(21.35 ± 2.12)mm,(1.98 ± 0.77)mm,(91.30 ± 12.24)°,(118.73 ± 19.85)°,(14.42 ±1.79)mm.There were statistically significant differences in DFS,DAS,SW-5,SW-10,TSLW-5,SA,PNR,and DPA between the alveolar process normal pneumatization group and the extensive pneumatization group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in DFA,furcation BPW,middle BPW,apical BPW,furcation MDW,middle MDW,and apical MDW between the two groups.2.In the palatal process pneumatization classification of the maxillary sinus,the palatal process normal pneumatization group means DFS,DAS,SW-5,SW-10,TSLW-5,SA,PNR,DPA were(12.20±3.29)mm,(4.62±3.12)mm,(13.91±1.66)mm,(17.33±1.44)mm,(2.63±1.06)mm,(80.96±12.03)°,(142.53±14.23)°,(17.15±2.31)mm;The palatal process extensive pneumatization group means DFS,DAS,SW-5,SW-10,TSLW-5,SA,PNR,DPA were(6.35±2.23)mm,(-0.42±2.20)mm,(17.35±1.96)mm,(21.84±1.62)mm,(2.02±0.82)mm,(93.43±11.53)°,(116.34±19.19)°,(14.29±1.87)mm.There were statistically significant differences in DFS,DAS,SW-5,SW-10,TSLW-5,SA,PNR,and DPA between the palatal process normal pneumatization group and the extensive pneumatization group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in DFA,furcation BPW,middle BPW,apical BPW,furcation MDW,middle MDW,and apical MDW between the two groups.3.In different gender groups,the means DFS and DFA of the male group were(10.48±4.20)mm,(7.60±1.35)mm,and the means DFS and DFA of the female group were(8.81±3.86)mm,(7.02 ±1.21)mm.The DFS and DFA in the male group were significantly greater than those in the female group(P<0.05).There was no significant difference in different genders except DFS and DFA.4.There was no statistically significant difference among the above observational parameters in different age groups.Conclusion:1.Extensive pneumatization of the maxillary sinus may have no significant effect on the root length,BPW and MDW in M1 area,but it will significantly reduce the height and width of available bone in immediate implantation.2.The height and width of IRS in the alveolar process normal pneumatization group and the palatal process normal pneumatization group basically meet the needs of immediate implantation,while the alveolar process extensive pneumatization group and the palatal process extensive pneumatization group may require the assistance of sinus floor elevation or osseodensification technique.3.The DFS and DFA of males are greater than those of females,suggesting that attention should be paid to the influence of gender factors on IRS height parameters in the formulation of immediate implant surgery plans.4.Extensive pneumatization of the maxillary sinus will lead to the increase of the sinus angle,the sinus width at 5 mm and 10 mm height levels from the lowest point of the sinus floor,and decrease of the distance from the furcation to the sinus floor,the distance from the plane a to the sinus floor,the thickness of the sinus lateral wall at 5 mm height levels from the lowest point of the sinus floor,the palatonasal recess and the distance from the palatonasal recess to the alveolar crest. |
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