| Objective:To analyze the positive rate of inhaled allergen specific immunoglobulin(s IgE)and the distribution characteristics of different levels of s IgE in adult bronchial asthma(asthma)patients in Shanxi Province.Methods:Retrospective analysis of 1075 asthma patients who were diagnosed and completed the detection of inhaled allergens s IgE in the Respiratory Department of the First Hospital of Shanxi Medical University from June 2018 to June 2020.General information(including gender,age,medical history,symptoms,allergy history,comorbidities,and family history of asthma),and inhalation allergen s IgE results were collected and divided into male and female patient groups according to gender,divide asthma patients with or without allergic rhinitis into asthma with allergic rhinitis group and simple asthma group.Analyze the positive rate of inhaled allergen s IgE and the distribution characteristics of s IgE at different levels in asthma patients of different gender,with or without allergic rhinitis.SPSS software 26.0 was used for statistical analysis of various indicators.Result:1.Comparison between male and female patients1.1 The positive rate of inhaled allergens among patients with asthma included was 52.4%,and the positive rates of 10 types of inhaled allergens ranged from high to low,including ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed(18.5%),house dust mite(15.3%),mold combination(11.5%),cat dander(9.4%),tree combination(6.6%),house dust(6.2%),cockroach(4.3%),dog dander(4.2%),amaranth(3.0%),and mulberry tree(2.8%).1.2 Among 360 male patients,the allergen positive rate was 57.1%,while among 715 female patients,the allergen positive rate was 52.5%.The positive rates of allergens in male patients ranged from high to low,including ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed(23.8%),house dust mite(20.1%),mold combination(13.0%),tree combination(11.1%),cat dander(7.9%),cockroach(7.1%),amaranth(5.8%),house dust(5.3%),dog dander(5.0%),and mulberry tree(5.0%).The positive rates of allergens in female patients ranged from high to low,including ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed(17.3%),house dust mite(14.4%),mold combinations(11.8%),cat dander(10.3%),house dust(6.6%),tree combinations(4.7%),dog dander(3.9%),cockroaches(3.4%),amaranth(2.0%),and mulberry trees(2.0%).The positive rates of ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed,house dust mite,tree combination,house dust,and cockroach allergens in male patients were higher than those in female patients,with statistical significance(P<0.05).The difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).1.3 The level of dog dander allergen s IgE in male patients was significantly lower than that in female patients(P<0.05);There was no significant difference in the levels of s IgE of allergens from ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed,house dust mites,mold combinations,cat dander,tree combinations,house dust,cockroaches,amaranth,and mulberry trees between sexes(P>0.05).2.Comparison between patients with asthma and rhinitis and patients with simple asthma2.1 There were 350 patients with asthma and rhinitis,and 725 patients with simple asthma.The positive rates of inhaled allergens were 64.1% and 46.5%,respectively,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05);The allergens in the group of asthma with allergic rhinitis,from high to low,including ragweed/artemisia/humulus/quinoa(34.9%),cat dander(18.6%),household dust mite(14.6%),mold combination(11.7%),tree combination(9.4%),dog dander(7.7%),house dust(7.6%),amaranth(3.7%),cockroach(3.4%),and mulberry tree(3.1%);The allergens in the simple asthma group,from high to low,including household dust mite(16.2%),mold combination(11.5%),ragweed/artemisia/humulus/quinoa(10.6%),tree combination(5.4%),house dust(5.3%),cat dander(5.0%),cockroach(4.6%),amaranth(2.6%),mulberry(2.6%),and dogdander(2.5%).There was a statistically significant difference in the positive rates of allergens among the combinations of ragweed/artemisia/humulus/quinoa,cat dander,dog dander,and tree(P<0.05).2.2 The s IgE levels of ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed allergens in patients with asthma and rhinitis were higher than those in patients with simple asthma,with a statistically significant difference(P<0.05).The s IgE results of other allergens had no statistically significant difference(P>0.05).Conclusion:1.The main inhalation allergens of adult asthma patients in Shanxi Province are ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed.2.There is a gender difference in the positive rate of inhaled allergens in asthma patients.3.The level of dog dander allergen s IgE in male asthma patients is lower than that in female asthma patients.4.The positive rate of inhaled allergens in patients with asthma and rhinitis was significantly higher than that in the simple asthma group.5.The average level of s IgE of ragweed/artemisia/humulus/cheneweed in patients with asthma and allergic rhinitis is higher than that in the simple asthma group. |
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