| Objective: Comparison of serum vitamin A(VA),vitamin D(VD),vitamin E(VE)levels of newborns born to pregnant women with gestational diabetes mellitus(GDM)with vitamin levels of neonates born to healthy mothers;To investigate the effect of GDM on serum VA,VD and VE levels of neonates in pregnant women.Methods: Select 100 GDM patients who underwent obstetric examination and delivery at the Eighth People’s Hospital of Qingdao from June 2021 to June 2022 as the GDM group.100 healthy parturients who came to the Eighth People’s Hospital of Qingdao during the same period were selected as normal control(NC)group.A face-to-face questionnaire was used to collect dietary and nutritional supplements during pregnancy,and calculate the intake of VA,VD and VE.According to the recommended vitamin intake,the group was divided into compliant group and non-compliant group.The serum VA,VD and VE levels of neonates were determined by HPLC.(1)Compare the general clinical data of pregnant women and newborns in the two groups;(2)The levels and grades of serum VA,VD and VE were compared between the unqualified group and the qualified group;(3)To analyze the effects of GDM and vitamin intake of pregnant women on serum VA,VD and VE levels of neonates.Results:(1)Comparison of the general conditions between the two groups of pregnant women: there were no statistical differences in age,BMI,blood pressure,VA intake,VD intake and VE intake(P > 0.05),indicating that the two groups were comparable.(2)Comparison of general conditions between two groups of newborns:The average birth weight of newborns in the GDM group was higher than that in NC group(P< 0.05).The Apgar score of newborns in GDM group was lower than that in NC group(P< 0.05).(3)Comparison of neonatal VA level: Intakes unqualified group: Neonatal VA level in GDM group was lower than that in NC group(P < 0.05);Intake standard group:There was no significant difference in neonatal VA level between GDM group and NC group(P > 0.05).(4)Comparison of neonatal VD levels: The group with substandard intake:The GDM group had lower neonatal VD levels than the NC group(P < 0.05).The neonatal VD level in the GDM group was lower than that in the NC group(P < 0.05).(5)Comparison of neonatal VE level: Intakes unqualified group: Neonatal VE level in GDM group was higher than NC group(P < 0.05);Intake standard group: There was no statistically significant difference in VE levels between the GDM group and the NC group in newborns(P > 0.05).(6)In 200 pregnant women,VA and VD intakes were still insufficient,accounting for 36% and 58%,respectively.The rates of VA,VD and VE deficiency in newborns were common,accounting for 89.5%,92% and 79.5%,respectively.(7)Comparison of serum VA,VD and VE levels in newborns with different intakes of pregnant women: The levels of neonatal VA and VD in GDM group and NC group were increased with the increase of maternal vitamin intake(P < 0.05),and there was no statistically significant different in neonatal VE levels between the two groups with different maternal VE natakes(P > 0.05).Conclusion:(1)Under the condition that the intake of VA,VD and VE in pregnant women reached the standard,only the VD level of newborns in the GDM group was significantly lower than that in the NC group,and there was no significant difference in VA and VE levels.When the intake of pregnant women did not reach the standard,the VA and VD levels of newborns in the GDM group were lower than those in the NC group,and the levels of VE in the GDM group were higher than that in the NC group.(2)Regardless of whether pregnant women had GDM or not,neonatal VA and VD levels were affected by maternal intake,but there was no significant difference in VE levels.(3)The results showed that even if GDM was well controlled,it still affected the levels of VA,VD and VE in neonates under the condition of insufficient intake in pregnant women.It is very important to supplement VA,VD and VE during pregnancy,especially for pregnant women with GDM. |
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