Surface Electromyography Study On The Effect Of Tongue Muscle Training On The Submental Muscle Group In Terminal Orthodontic Patients And Investigations In Their Muscle Function

Objective:To investigate the orofacial muscle function in patients with malocclusion at the terminal orthodontics.And the related factors affecting orofacial muscle dysfunction were deeply analyzed together with the causes;The surface electromyography was used to assess the tongue muscle function training effect in patients with abnormal swallowing,the effectiveness of tongue muscle function training and its effect on the surface electromyography of the submental muscle group were explored,and a more effective and feasible muscle function training method was deeply explored.Methods:1.Investigation of orofacial muscle function in terminal orthodontic patients based on propensity score matching: 201 patients with terminal orthodontic malocclusion who were treated in the Department of Orthodontics,Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from September 2020 to January 2023 were divided into groups according to tooth extraction,appliance type,combined orthodontic-orthognathic treatment,age,and gender,and clinical examination and scoring were performed using the orofacial myofunctional evaluation with score,with a full score of 100 points and less than 100 points recorded as orofacial muscle dysfunction.SPSS 27.0 statistical software was used to analyze the collected survey data as follows: propensity score matching analysis was used to match different groups of patients with a caliper value of 0.03 as the standard,a new data set was established and the related factors affecting the orofacial muscle function in end-stage orthodontic patients were further analyzed.2.Surface electromyography study on the effect of tongue muscle function training on submental muscle groups in patients with atypical swallowing: 22 adult patients(male8,female 14)aged 18-30 years with atypical swallowing habits and voluntary cooperation with muscle function training were selected from the above survey patients as the abnormal swallowing group;15 adult patients(male 5,female 10)without muscle dysfunction in the same age group were selected as the control group,and surface electromyography tests were performed on the submental muscle groups of the two groups,respectively.Data were obtained for mean electromyography amplitude,swallowing duration,spike intensity,and position of spike intensity relative to swallowing duration during the test.Patients in the atypical swallowing group uniformly underwent tongue muscle function training for 8weeks using a popular science short video of muscle function training,and surface electromyography testing was performed again after 8 weeks to ensure that atypical swallowing was corrected.SPSS 27.0 was used to compare and analyze the surface electromyography related data of atypical swallowing group,atypical swallowing group after training and control group.Results:1.Investigation of orofacial muscle function in terminal orthodontic patients based on propensity score matching:(1)Of 201 terminal orthodontic patients,147 patients had orofacial muscle dysfunction,accounting for 73.13% of the total.201 terminal orthodontic patients were divided into groups by 1:1 five times by propensity score matching according to the method,and finally matched to 67 patients in the extraction group and 67 patients in the nonextraction group;52 patients in the fixed appliance group and 52 patients in the removable appliance group;23 patients in the orthognathic surgery group and 23 patients in the nonorthognathic surgery group;56 patients in the minor group and 56 patients in the adult group;54 patients in the male group and 54 patients in the female group,and there were no significant differences in baseline data between the groups after matching(P > 0.05).(2)Among them,the total orofacial muscle function score in the extraction group were less than those in the non-extraction group(P < 0.05);the total orofacial muscle function score and motor function score in the orthognathic surgery group were less than those in the non-orthognathic surgery group(P < 0.05);the respiratory function score in juvenile group were less than those in adult group.No significant differences were observed in the total orofacial muscle function score and each part score between the fixed appliance group and the active appliance group and between the male group and the female group(P > 0.05).2.Surface electromyography study on the effect of tongue muscle function training on submental muscle groups in patients with atypical swallowing: A total of 22 patients were included in the atypical swallowing group,and a total of 14 patients eventually completed functional training of the tongue muscle,8 patients fell off and were finally not included in the statistics,with a fall-off rate of 36.36%.The surface electromyography study results showed that patients in the atypical swallowing group had longer swallowing time(P <0.05),patients in the atypical swallowing group significantly reduced swallowing time after muscle function training(P< 0.05),and there was no statistical difference in swallowing time after training compared with the control group(P > 0.05).Conclusion:1.The orofacial muscle function score of patients with tooth extraction are worse than those of patients without tooth extraction,and the orofacial muscle function and motor function score of patients with orthognathic surgery are worse than those of patients without orthognathic surgery,and the respiratory function score in juvenile group were less than those in adult group,suggesting that tooth extraction and orthognathic surgery may be one of the influencing factors of orofacial muscle function.To evaluate the orofacial muscle function of patients with malocclusion at the end of orthodontics by orofacial myofunctional evaluation with score,qualitative analysis can be converted into quantitative analysis.The method is simple,objective and reliable,and can be used as a method for clinical examination of orofacial muscle function;2.Tongue muscle function training shortens the swallowing time of patients with abnormal swallowing and tends to normalize it;surface electromyography system can be used for the checking atypical swallowing before and after orthodontic clinical muscle function training,and the method is simple and convenient for clinical application,but it has the disadvantages of weak stability of surface electromyography signals.3.The proportion of orofacial muscle dysfunction at the end of orthodontics is higher and the failure rate of muscle function training in orthodontic patients is high,and there are problems such as long-term difficulty in persistence,suggesting that orthodontists should strengthen the education of theoretical knowledge of muscle function training in patients,and further explore more effective,high-quality and convenient muscle function training methods in the process of clinical diagnosis and treatment.