| Objective:To investigate the expression of FUT2 and EMT-related proteins(TGF-β1,E-cadherin,and Vimentin)in invasive lung adenocarcinoma,adenocarcinoma in situ,and adjacent normal lung tissues,and to speculate about the role of FUT2 protein in invasive lung adenocarcinoma and the possibility of inducing its EMT process.To investigate the relationship between FUT2 protein expression and clinicopathological features in patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma,analyze the prognosis of patients with various FUT2 protein expression statuses,and then look for risk factors associated with poor prognosis in patients with invasive lung adenocarcinoma.Methods:The clinical data and postoperative paraffin tissues of 99 lung tumor patients treated by surgery in Bethune Hospital in Shanxi from 2017 to 2021 were retrospectively collected.A total of 141 tissue samples were collected(99 cases of invasive adenocarcinoma,52 cases of adenocarcinoma in situ,and 54 cases of normal lung tissue next to cancer),and immunohistochemistry was used to detect the expression status of FUT2,TGF-β1,Ecadherin,and Vimentin proteins in the three tissues,and the differences and correlations of expression were analyzed.All patients were tracked,survival curves were constructed using the KM technique,and risk variables for poor prognosis were investigated using Cox regression.Results:1.FUT2 was expressed in 35 instances(35.4%)and high expression in 64 cases(64.6%)of invasive cancer tissues;30 cases(57.7%)of adenocarcinoma in situ were low expression and 22 cases(42.3%)were highly expressed.In normal lung tissues next to cancer,50 cases(92.6%)had low expression and four instances(7.4%)had high expression.There were statistically significant expression differences along the three groups(P<0.01).TGF-β1 expression was positive in 82 instances(82.8%)and negative in 17 cases(17.2%)of invasive cancer tissues.In situ adenocarcinoma in situ was positive in 41 instances(78.8%)and negative in 11 cases(21.2%);expression in surrounding normal lung tissue was positive in 11 cases(20.4%)and negative in 43 cases(79.6%).TGFβ-1 expression was significantly different in normal lung tissues adjacent to cancer,adenocarcinoma in situ,and invasive adenocarcinoma(P<0.001),although the difference between adenocarcinoma in situ and invasive adenocarcinoma was not statistically significant(P>0.05).In invasive adenocarcinoma tissues,E-cadherin was expressed in 67 instances(67.8%),with strong expression in 32 cases(32.3%).Adenocarcinoma in situ included 31 instances(59.6%)with high expression and 21 cases(40.4%)with low expression.22 instances(40.7%)had low expression and 32 cases(59.3%)had high expression in the healthy lung tissues close to the malignancy.The expression of E-cadherin in situ adenocarcinoma was statistically significant when compared to that in invasive adenocarcinoma(P=0.001),and the expression of E-cadherin in adjacent normal lung tissue was statistically significant when compared to that in invasive adenocarcinoma tissue(P=0.001),but there was no significant difference(P>0.05).Only invasive adenocarcinoma tissues showed expression of Vimentin,and this expression was statistically significant in the other two tissues(P<0.01).Infiltrating lung cancer tissue showed a negative correlation between the expression of E-cadherin and FUT2(r=-0.328,P=0.001)and a positive correlation between the expression of other proteins(P>0.05).2.There was a statistically significant difference between patients with high and low FUT2 expression in terms of their 2-year progression-free survival rates(Log-rank test,x2=4.034,P=0.045).High FUT2 expression was linked to lymph node metastasis(x2=7.781,P=0.005).According to a Cox regression univariate analysis,invasive adenocarcinoma patients’ tumor size,tumor stage,lymph node metastasis,and degree of differentiation were all linked to a poor prognosis.High FUT2 expression(HR=4.609,95%CI:1.579-13.451;P=0.005)and low differentiation(HR=17.992,95%CI:0.618-49.896;P<0.01)were risk factors for a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients,according to Cox regression multivariate analysis.Conclusion:1.Compared to healthy lung tissue nearby the malignancy,invasive lung adenocarcinoma and in situ pulmonary adenocarcinoma express FUT2 more strongly.2.Lymph node metastasis is linked to high FUT2 expression in lung adenocarcinoma that has invaded the lung.3.Individuals with lung adenocarcinoma who have high FUT2 expression live for a shorter period of time,low differentiation and high FUT2 expression are risk factors for a poor prognosis in lung adenocarcinoma patients. |
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