| Objective: Endometrial cancer(EC)is one of the most common gynecological malignancies in China and worldwide,with an increasing incidence.The mechanism of the occurrence and progression of endometrial cancer is not well understood.Therefore,it is necessary to explore its potential pathogenesis to identify high-risk patients and identify potential therapeutic targets for personalized treatment.The 53 tumor suppressor gene(p53),the phosphatase and tension homolog(PTEN)and the mismatch repair gene(MMR)were analyzed.The expression of MMR in endometrial carcinoma tissues was investigated,and the relationship between the above three factors and the clinicopathologic features of endometrial carcinoma was discussed.Both p53 and PTEN are located in the PI3K/AKT/m TOR signaling pathway,the abnormal expression of this signaling pathway is related to the occurrence and development of many diseases,especially malignant tumor,which is one of the most prone to abnormal signaling pathways in human cancer.Studies on the expression of p53,PTEN and MMR can be used for the early diagnosis,clinical treatment and prognosis assessment of EC,and also provide a new target for the treatment of EC at the gene level.Methods: A total of 90 patients with endometrial cancer diagnosed pathologically in the Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University from January 2019 to December 2021 were randomly selected as the endometrial cancer group(EC group).90 patients with normal endometrial tissue who underwent hysterectomy due to myoma were selected as normal endometrial group(NE group),and the age of EC group was 39-87(58.72±9.04)years.FIGO stage: Stage I: 71 cases,Stage II-IV: 19 cases;Pathological grade: G1 stage 38 cases,G2 stage 41 cases,G3 stage 11 cases.The NE group ranged in age from 43 to 77(56.42±6.69)years.Immunohistochemical Streptomyces antibiotin protein-peroxidase conjugate method(S-P method)was used in the experiment,and SPSS 26.0 data analysis software was used to analyze the positive expression of each index in the two groups.Results: 1.The wild-type expression rate of p53 in the EC group was 53.3%(48/90)and the positive expression rate of PTEN was 44.4%(40/90),which were lower than those in the NE group(73.3%(66/90)and 97.7%(88/90),P=0.005 and P<0.001,respectively,indicating statistically significant differences.2.The expression rates of p53 and PTEN in endometrial carcinoma were significantly decreased with the increase of FIGO stage,histological grade,deep muscle invasion,vascular invasion and lymph node metastasis,with statistical significance(P<0.05).Regardless of age(P>0.05),the expression rate of microsatellite instability(MSI)in MMR increased with the increase of histological grade of endometrial carcinoma.3.MMR was positively correlated with the expression of p53 and PTEN(r=0.213,P=0.044;r=0.209,P=0.048),PTEN was also positively correlated with p53expression(r=0.523,P<0.001).Conclusion : 1.p53 and PTEN are located in the PI3K/AKT/m TOR signaling pathway,and abnormal expressions of p53 and PTEN are involved in the occurrence and development of endometrial carcinoma.2.The abnormal expression of p53 and PTEN was positively correlated with MSI.3.Abnormal activation of PI3K/AKT/m TOR signaling pathway and MSI may be associated with the occurrence of endometrial cancer. |
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