| Acute promyelocytic leukemia(APL)is a subtype of acute myeloid leukemia(AML),which is internationally classified as acute myeloid leukemia M3 by FAB.The clinical symptoms of APL are similar to those of other types of leukemia,with basic manifestations such as anemia,abnormal increase or decrease in white blood cell count,lymph node enlargement,bone pain,bleeding,etc.However,compared to other types of myeloid leukemia,APL also has characteristics such as higher bleeding risk,faster progression in the early stage,and higher risk of death.Therefore,if timely and accurate diagnosis of APL can be made in the early stages of the disease,it will significantly improve the treatment effect and have significant significance.At present,the diagnosis of APL mainly relies on flow cytometry,FISH,bone marrow morphology,and other examinations.Although flow cytometry and FISH have been widely used in the diagnosis of hematological diseases,they have limitations such as high sample quality requirements,high detection costs,high professional requirements for technical personnel,and high time costs.In view of the shortcomings of conventional detection technology at this stage,this paper uses the advantages of layer by layer self-assembly to adjust the assembly conditions,alternately assemble titanium dioxide gel(TiO2),retinoic acid nanocapsules and chitosan(CS)on silicon chips,and successfully regulate and construct a new visual sensor that can detect APL accurately,cheaply,quickly and conveniently.The main research results and conclusions are as follows:(1)With TiO2 Retinoic acid nanocapsules were assembled with CS as the assembly unit,and a visual sensor that could cover the entire visible spectrum was successfully prepared by regulating the layered structure of photonic crystals.The constructed visual sensor has a clear layered microstructure,bright color,and easy identification;(2)In the process of visual sensor detecting APL,its internal retinoic acid nanocapsules specifically recognize and combine with PML-RARA fusion protein,resulting in structural changes,shifting the reflection spectrum from 540nm to 560nm,causing the color of photonic crystals to change from blue-green to chartreuse,achieving accurate inspection of APL,while the color of the visual sensor dropping normal people and other types of leukemia samples did not change significantly,Its reflection spectrum is located around 520nm before and after detection,indicating that the constructed visual sensor can specifically detect APL.(3)The constructed visual sensor has excellent self-cleaning performance,which can generate·OH and O2-under the action of sunlight or ultraviolet radiation,oxidize and decompose the outer shell and genetic material of pathogenic bacteria to kill pathogenic microorganisms.In addition,the constructed visualization sensor also has the following advantages in detecting APL:(1)Visualization.Without the need for expensive precision insturments,naked eye observation and visual sensor detection of color changes before and after APL can achieve APL inspection.(2)Fast.Visual sensors can achieve convenient and real-time inspection of APL,and the entire detection process only takes 15-20 minutes.(3)Compared to traditional flow cytometry analysis,the cost of constructing visual sensors is low,and expensive reagents and experimental instruments are not required during the detection process.This is very conducive to small hospitals and households for testing and marketoriented applications.(4)Easy to operate.The process of detecting APL using visual sensors is very simple.It only requires accurate dripping of centrifuged serum solution and waiting for the results,without the need for special treatment of blood or the need for cumbersome machine operation. |
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