Characteristics Of Electroencephalogram And Exercise Capacity In The Elderly With Sarcopenia

Objective:The comprehensive characteristics of EEG signal,reaction ability,quality of life and exercise capacity of the elderly with sarcopenia were analyzed to enrich the practical research field of the elderly with sarcopenia,enhance their awareness of preventing chronic degenerative diseases such as sarcopenia,and improve their health level and quality of life.Methods:Participants: The 65-75-year-old people in Huhhot were investigated.71 aged patients with sarcopenia and 71 aged patients without sarcopenia were selected randomly,and a total of 142 aged patients were selected as the subjects of this study.Test indicators:(1)Electroencephalogram(EEG)signal: EEG in a quiet state,EEG in stroop semantic response stage,EEG in stroop color response stage,response accuracy rate and lower limb response time.(2)Body shape index: height,weight,etc.(3)Physiological function indicators: systolic blood pressure,diastolic blood pressure,quiet heart rate,vital capacity.(4)Body composition: body weight,body fat percentage,waist-to-hip ratio,visceral fat index,protein,skeletal muscle mass index of limbs,skeletal muscle mass of limbs,etc.(5)Bone density index: bone density T value.(6)Arteriosclerosis index: quiet heart rate,brachial and ankle pulse wave velocity and so on.(7)Physical quality index: grip strength,6 meters walking speed,30° sit-up,2 minutes high leg raises,8 steps back walk,10 meters obstacle walk,sitting forward bend and so on.Questionnaire: General Information Questionnaire,Chinese Version Of Multifactorial Memory Questionnaire and 12-Item Short-Form Health Survey(SF-12).Date processing: After EEG data preprocessing,the EEG signal,response accuracy and lower limb response time were analyzed by Acq Knowledge 4.1 software.The score of each questionnaire was calculated.The SPSS 26.0 software was used to carry out descriptive statistics,independent sample t-test,multi-factor analysis of variance and correlation analysis on test data and questionnaire,and the significance level was set as P<0.05.Result:1)In a quiet state,compared with non-sarcopenia group,θ wave,δwave power spectral density(PSD)of left occipital lobe,(θ+δ)/(α+β)andθ wave PSD of left occipital lobe were higher in sarcopenia group(P<0.05).2)In Stroop semantic response stage,compared with non-sarcopenia group,θ wave,δ wave PSD of right occipital lobe,δ wave PSD、(α+θ)/β、(θ+δ)/(α+β)of left anterior temporal lobe,δ wave PSD、(α+θ)/β、(θ+δ)/(α+β)of right anterior temporal lobe were higher in sarcopenia group(P<0.05).β wave PSD、β/(α+θ+δ)of left anterior temporal lobe,β wave PSD、β/(α+θ+δ)of right anterior temporal lobe were lower in sarcopenia group(P<0.05).3)In Stroop color response stage,compared with non-sarcopenia group,δ wave PSD、(θ+δ)/(α+β)of left occipital lobe,θ wave PSD、(α+θ)/β、(θ+δ)/(α+β)of left anterior temporal lobe were higher in sarcopenia group(P<0.05).β wave PSD、β/(α+θ+δ)of left anterior temporal lobe,β/(α+θ+δ)of right anterior temporal lobe were lower in sarcopenia group(P<0.05).4)The response time of lower limb in sarcopenia group was significantly higher than that in non-sarcopenia group at two test stages,and the response accuracy rate was significantly lower than that in nonsarcopenia group(P<0.05).5)The scores of subjective memory satisfaction and subjective memory ability in sarcopenia group were significantly lower than those in non-sarcopenia group(P<0.05).6)The scores of physical function,role-emotional,vitality,mental health,social function,physical component summary and mental component summary in sarcopenia group were significantly lower than those in non-sarcopenia group(P<0.05).7)There were no significant differences in body shape index(P>0.05).8)In terms of body composition indexes,compared with nonsarcopenia group,protein,bone density T value,skeletal muscle mass index(SMI)and skeletal muscle mass of limbs(ASM)in male sarcopenia group were significantly decreased(P<0.05),while visceral fat index was significantly increased(P<0.05),SMI and ASM were significantly decreased in female sarcopenia group(P<0.05).9)Compared with non-sarcopenia group,diastolic blood pressure in male sarcopenia group and systolic blood pressure in female sarcopenia group were significantly increased(P<0.05).10)In terms of physical quality,the performance of left hand grip strength,left hand grip strength body mass index,6-meter walking speed,8 steps back walk and 10 meters obstacle walk in male sarcopenia group were significantly worse than those in non-sarcopenia group(P<0.05).The performance of grip strength(left and right hand),grip strength body mass index(left and right hand),6 meters walking speed,,30°sit-up,8steps back walk and 10 meters obstacle walk in female sarcopenia group were significantly worse than those in non-sarcopenia group(P<0.05).11)Screening indicators for sarcopenia(skeletal muscle mass index,dominant hand grip strength,6 meters walking speed)were positively correlated with cardiovascular function,respiratory function,and various physical fitness,and the correlation was more significant in the elderly with sarcopenia.12)Part of the brain regions,α wave,β wave PSD and β/(α+θ+δ)were negatively correlated with 8 steps walking time and 10 meters obstacle walking time,θ wave,δ wave PSD,(α+θ)/β and(α+β)/(θ+δ)were positively correlated with 8 steps walking time and 10 meters obstacle walking time.Conclusion:1)The cortical excitability of the elderly with sarcopenia is weakened,the sensitivity to external stimuli is low,the response ability is decreased,the adjustment ability after task switching is poor,and the cognitive function is decreased.2)The more severe the degree of sarcopenia,the worse the cardiovascular function,respiratory function,strength quality,speed quality,endurance quality,balance quality and coordination quality.3)The higher the excitability of cerebral cortex,the better the quality of balance and coordination.