Health Literacy Interventions Based On IMB Models In Old Age Application Research In Inpatient Patients With Coronary Heart Disease

Research objectives1.To understand the status quo and influencing factors of frailty and health literacy in elderly hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease,and analyze the correlation between health literacy and frailty.2.To construct health literacy intervention scheme for elderly hospitalized patients with asthenic coronary heart disease based on evidence summary and IMB model,and evaluate the application effect of this scheme.Method1.Cross section survey: This study selected elderly hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease as the research object,and conducted a survey on this group using a general information survey questionnaire,chronic disease health literacy scale,frailty scale,and electronic health literacy scale to explore their frailty status,influencing factors,and correlation with health literacy.2.Construction of intervention plan: The best evidence for improving the health literacy intervention plan of elderly hospitalized patients with debilitating coronary heart disease was summarized.Based on the IMB model,the intervention plan based on health literacy was constructed as the entry point.3.Application of intervention scheme: The experimental research method was used to compare the changes of evaluation index scores of the experimental group and the control group before and after intervention,so as to evaluate the applicability and application effect of the intervention scheme.Results1.Cross-sectional survey: A total of 403 hospitalized elderly patients with coronary heart disease were included,of which 225(55.8%)had frailty and 178(44.2%)had no frailty,and the total frailty score was(3.23±2.40).The total score of chronic health literacy was(74.81 ±10.80);Residence,education level,number of previous diseases,health literacy of chronic disease and electronic health literacy were the factors that affected the debilitation of elderly hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease.Chronic health literacy and electronic health literacy were negatively correlated with frailty(r=-0.420,r=-0.624,P<0.01),chronic health literacy was positively correlated with e-health literacy(r=0.256,P<0.01).2.Construction of intervention programs: 26 pieces of evidence were summarized for improving the frailty state of elderly hospitalized patients with coronary heart disease;A total of 17 experts were consulted by correspondence,the expert familiarity was 0.882,and the authority coefficient was 0.903.The coefficient of variation of importance score of each item in two rounds of expert correspondence consultation was 0～0.37 and 0～0.34.The Kendall harmony coefficient of the two rounds of expert correspondence consultation was 0.330 and 0.152.3.Application of intervention plan: A total of 42 cases were included in the control group and 40 cases in the experimental group.After intervention,the difference in health literacy scores between the experimental group and the control group was statistically significant(P<0.05).Among them,the difference in scores across all dimensions was statistically significant(P<0.05),but excluding the dimension of economic support willingness;After intervention,by comparing the experimental group and the control group,it can be seen that there is a statistically significant difference in the total score and the application ability score of online health information and services between the two groups(P<0.05);There was no statistically significant difference in frailty,nutritional status,and six minute walking test between the two groups(P>0.05).Conclusion1.The incidence of frailty in elderly hospitalized coronary patients is relatively high,and the level of health literacy is generally low.Place of residence,education level,number of previous diseases,health literacy and e-health literacy were the influencing factors of frailty.There was a negative correlation between chronic health literacy,e-health literacy and frailty.2.The intervention program based on evidence summary and IMB can improve the health literacy and e-health literacy of elderly hospitalized patients with frailty coronary heart disease,and its effect on frailty related outcomes needs to be further verified.