Correlation Between Distribution Characteristics Of Free Fatty Acid Spectrum And Dyslipidemia In People With Short And Long Night Sleep Duration

Objective Dyslipidemia is an important risk factor for cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases and metabolic diseases.This study aimed to investigate the distribution characteristics of free fatty acid（FFA）,its combined effects on long and short sleep duration,and its correlation with dyslipidemia.Methods 226 subjects were recruited from the Second Affiliated Hospital of Xiamen Medical College from September 2021 to December 2022.General demographic and clinical data were collected.The subjects ranged in age from 35 to87 years old,with an average age of（53.8±12.671）.A total of 143 males and 83 females were enrolled.A total of 218 effective samples were excluded from 6 cases of infectious disease infection and 2 cases of subjects with missing biochemical indicators.The pittburgh sleep quality index（PSQI）was used to quantify the sleep status of the subjects and calculate the night sleep duration.Meanwhile,the plasma and cerebrospinal fluid of the subjects were collected by Gas Chromatography.cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）and plasma cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）were measured for 14 types of free fatty acid(saturated fatty acid（SFA）,cerebrospinal fluid（CSF）,and the plasma’s unsaturated fatty acids（UFA）for 15types’s levels.Firstly,they were divided into<7 h group and≥7 h group according to the night sleep duration,and then measured the plasma total cholesterol（TC）,low-density lipoprotein cholesterol low-density lipoprotein cholesterol（LDL-C）,triglyceride（TG）,and plasma levels of high-density lipoprotein cholesterol（HDL-C）were divided into normal and abnormal groups.This study was divided into two parts.The first part used variance analysis and the Chi-square test to compare the differences in general data and CSF-FFA levels between the<7 h and≥7 h groups.Factor analysis and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the effects of CSF-FFA on sleep duration.The second part used variance analysis and the Chi-square test to compare the general data between the normal and dyslipidemia groups.Covariance was used to analyze all plasma FFA differences between the two groups.Partial correlation and binary logistic regression were used to analyze the correlation between the two groups’night sleep duration,dyslipidemia,and peripheral FFA.Factor analysis and binary logistic regression of peripheral FFA were performed in the two groups,respectively,to explore the influence of the combined effect of peripheral FFA on dyslipidemia.Results（1）common factors 4（C18:3 n-3 and C20:1）and common factors 5（C17:0,C17:1,C16:1,and C18:2 n-6）of FFA in CSF were positively correlated with night sleep duration(OR was[95%CI:3.326（1.271,8.7）,4.564（1.671,12.47）](P_FAP4=0.014,P_FAP5=0.003).（2）The levels of C10:0,C16:1,and C22:6 in the sleep duration≥7h group were higher than those in the sleep duration<7h group(P_C10:0=0.008,P_C16:1=0.014,P_C22:6=0.043).The level of C17:1 in the sleep duration≥7h group was lower than that in the sleep duration<7h group(P_C17:1=0.024).After adjusting for confounding factors,the results showed that sleep duration<7h was a risk factor for dyslipidemia（OR（95%CI）was 1.853（1.048,3.278）,P=0.034）.C16:1 was positively correlated with night sleep duration in the≥7h group（P<0.001）,and C17:1 was negatively correlated with night sleep duration in the<7h group（P=0.038）.Regression analysis showed that the sleep duration in the group≥7h positively correlated with C16:1（b=5.741,t=4.315,P<0.001）.Regression analysis showed that C16:1 increased the risk of dyslipidemia（OR（95%CI）was 1.089（1.028,1.153）（P=0.004）in the sleep duration≥7h group.C22:6increased the risk of dyslipidemia,OR（95%CI）was 1.244（1.103,1.403）（P<0.001）.（3）Regression analysis in the sleep≥7 h group showed that,common factors 1（C14:0,C16:1,C18:1,C15:0,C16:0,C17:0,C18:3,C21:0,C18:3,C18:2,C18:0,C20:0,C20:5,C24:0 and C）and common factors 2（C22:0,C24:1,C20:0,C20:5,C24:0 and C）20:4）increased the risk of dyslipidemia(OR（95%CI）were 80.787（9.06,720.345）and 12.846（1.746,94.49）,respectively(P _{common factor 1}=0.000,P _{common factor 2}=0.012).（4）In the group with sleep duration<7h,Common factors 1（C23:0,C20:5,C20:0,C20:4,C24:0,C11:0,C22:6,C15:1,C18:2 and C18:0）and common factors 4（C22:1 and C18:2）(OR（95%CI）were 13.873（1.951,98.66）and9.10,respectively 2（1.707,48.534）(P _{common factor 1}=0.009,P _{common factor 4}=0.010)were risk factors for dyslipidemia.Conclusion（1）Insufficient sleep duration is an important factor leading to the increased risk of dyslipidemia,and fatty acids play an important role in the influencing process.High levels of plasma palmitoleic acid were a risk factor for dyslipidemia in those who slept longer than 7 hours,and docosahexaenoic acid（DHA）was a risk factor for dyslipidemia in those who slept less than 7 hours.Sleep-deprived people should avoid excessive intake of deep-sea fish and other DHA-rich diets to avoid the harm of high risk of dyslipidemia,especially in coastal areas.（2）The combined effect of high levels of unsaturated fatty acids in CSF is an important risk factor for sleep deprivation.Therefore,despite the benefits of unsaturated fatty acids,it is necessary to pay attention to an appropriate diet to avoid the risk of insufficient sleep duration caused by excessive intake;（3）Combined effects of high levels of fatty acids were risk factors for dyslipidemia regardless of sleep duration<7h.The effect of fatty acids on abnormal blood lipids is not equal to the simple superposition of the effects of independent fatty acids.Still,the combined effect is even more significant.Meanwhile,adequate sleep and a balanced diet should be maintained simultaneously,which is crucial for maintaining the stability of blood lipids.