Relationship Between Birth Weight And Oral Health Of 5-Year-Old Children In Hohhot

Objective The purpose of this study was to investigate the caries status,caries activity,unstimulated whole saliva flow rate and birth weight of 5-year-old children in Hohhot to explore the relationship between oral health indicators and birth weight.The results provide data for caries prevention education during pregnancy and individualized risk management plan for high risk groups.Methods Randomly selected from Hohhot were 184 5-year-old children（88males and 96 females）who met the inclusion criteria.The birth weight information of children was collected in the form of a questionnaire survey,caries status,and caries activity,unstimulated whole saliva flow rate and other oral health indicators were collected to analyze the correlation between these oral health indicators and birth weight.By SPSS22.0 statistical software,the data was analyzed,measurement data was described in（X±s）or P₅₀(P₂₅,P₇₅)for variance analysis or Kruskal-Wallis H inspection.Statistical data were described by"rate"and statistical inference was performed byχ²test.P<0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results 1.Caries status:Among the 184 5-year-old children,the caries prevalence was 76.6%,79.5%in males and 74.0%in females.The severe early childhood caries（SECC）in young children was 64.1%,60.2%in males and 67.7%in females.The mean number of decay missing filling surface（dmfs）was 9.0（2.0,17.0）,7.0（2.0,15.0）for male and 12.0（0.0,18.0）for female.Caries rate,SECC prevalence rate and dmfs of children had no statistical significance difference between genders（P>0.05）.2.Testing results of caries activity:caries activity was observed in 53 patients（28.8%）with low CAT value,38 patients（20.7%）with medium CAT value,and 93children（50.5%）with high CAT value.The result of caries activity showed uneven distribution.3.Testing results of unstimulated whole saliva flow rate:the unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was 0.65±0.40 ml/min,0.63±0.41 ml/min for male and 0.68±0.39 ml/min for female.There was no significant difference between genders（P>0.05）.4.Birth weight status:the average birth weight was 3.37±0.49kg,the male’s birth weight was 3.35±0.44 kg and female’s birth weight was 3.36±0.47 kg;The occurrence rate of low birth weight（<2500g）was 4.9%and that of high birth weight（≥4000g）was 15.8%.5.The relationship between unstimulated whole saliva flow rate and caries status,CAT value was as follows:（1）The SECC group’s unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was significantly lower than that in other group,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.（2）Unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was negatively correlated with CAT value（P<0.05）.6.The correlations between birth weight and caries,CAT value,unstimulated whole saliva flow rate were as follows:（1）There was no significant difference in dmfs and caries among children with different birth weight（P>0.05）.The prevalence rate of SECC in high birth weight group was 78.3%,which was significantly higher than that in normal birth weight group and low birth weight group（P<0.05）.（2）The CAT value of high birth weight group was higher than that of normal birth weight group,and was higher than that of low birth weight group,and the difference was statistically significant（P<0.05）.（3）There was no difference in the average unstimulated whole flow rate of saliva among different birth weight children（P>0.05）.These results were still valid in children with normal BMI after excluding confounding factors of obesity and emaciation.Conclusions 1.The prevalence of caries in 184 5-year-old children in Hohhot area was 76.6%.There were no significant differences between genders,in caries incidence,SECC prevalence,dmfs and unstimulated whole saliva flow rate.2.The unstimulated whole saliva flow rate of SECC children was significantly lower than that of other children,and the unstimulated whole saliva flow rate was negatively correlated with CAT value.3.The SECC prevalence rate and CAT value of high birth weight children were significantly higher than those of normal birth weight children and low birth weight children.In other words,children with birth weight≥4000g still face a higher risk of caries even if they are not overweight in subsequent growth and development.