Clinical Significance Of Serum Th1/2/17 Cytokines In The Immunotherapy Of Small Cell Lung Cancer

Objective:To study the expression levels of Th1,Th2 and Th17 cytokines before and after immunotherapy for small cell lung cancer(SCLC)and the relationship between their expression levels and the efficacy of immunotherapy,and to explore whether Th1,Th2 and Th17 cytokines can be used as biomarkers for immunotherapy of small cell lung cancer.Methods:A total of 36 patients with small cell lung cancer who underwent anti-PD-L1/anti-PD-1therapy in the Affiliated Hospital of Inner Mongolia Medical University from November 2020 to January 2023 were enrolled,and all patients received PD-L1/PD-1 inhibitor therapy for at least 2 cycles.Before immunotherapy and after 2 cycles of treatment,4 ml of peripheral blood was drawn on an empty stomach,and the concentration of Th1,Th2 and Th17 cytokines in peripheral blood was detected by Luminex(27-PLEX)kit,and the correlation between cytokine levels and their rate of change and efficacy was analyzed at different times.SPSS27.0 software was used for statistical analysis,and the difference was statistically significant with P<0.05.Results:1.According to the imaging evaluation after 2 cycles of immunotherapy,36 patients with small cell lung cancer were divided into disease control group(DCR)(27 people)and disease progression group(PD)(9 people).Before immunotherapy in SCLC patients,the level of IL-10 cytokines in the PD group was significantly higher than that in the DCR group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).2.After 2 cycles of immunotherapy in SCLC patients,the IL-4 level in the DCR group was obviously higher than in the PD group,and the difference was statistically significant(P<0.05).3.The results of cytokine change rate analysis showed that the change rate of serum IL-4in patients in PD group was significantly higher than that in DCR group(P<0.05).4.The analysis of the results of the prediction of disease control based on the IL-4 rate of change showed that the cutoff value of IL-4 change rate was-0.355,the sensitivity was85.19%,the specificity was 88.89%,and the Jordon index was 0.741.Conclusion:Serum IL-10 and IL-4 cytokines are closely related to the efficacy of immunotherapy for small cell lung cancer,and may be used as predictive biomarkers for the efficacy of SCLC immunotherapy.