Study On The Influence Factors Of Frailty And Its Relationship With Osteoporosis In Hospitalized Elderly Patients

Background and Objective:The trend of population aging in China is becoming more and more obvious,and frailty and osteoporosis are two common geriatric syndromes.Previous studies on frailty were mostly conducted in communities,and the frailty assessment tools used were mostly Fried frailty phenotypes.In this study,Edmonton Frailty Scale(EFS)was used to evaluate frailty in hospitalized elderly patients from three dimensions: physical,psychological and social,and to analyze the influencing factors of frailty,so as to explore the relationship between frailty and osteoporosis.This study describes the incidence and correlation of frailty and osteoporosis in hospitalized elderly patients,in order to improve the attention of medical care and patients to both,and to provide a basis for the prevention and treatment of frailty and osteoporosis.Methods:From August 2022 to January 2023,a total of 163 inpatients aged≥60 who met the inclusion criteria in the affiliated Wuhan Fourth Hospital were selected as subjects.A cross-sectional was conducted.The Edmonton Frailty Scale was used to evaluate frailty.BMD(bone mineral density)was measured by Norland dual-energy X-ray absorptiometry.The general data of the subjects were collected,and the age,height,weight and BMI of the non-frail group and the frail group were compared by independent-samples T test.According to the results,chi-square test or corrected chi-square test or Fisher’s exact test was used to compare the gender,marriage,education level,number of comorbidities,whether living alone,insomnia,exercise,smoking,drinking,and milk consumption between the non-frail group and the frail group.Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze frailty(EFS scale score)and osteoporosis(T value of BMD)in the elderly.The influencing factors of frailty in elderly inpatients were analyzed by single factor analysis,and then the statistically significant variables in the single factor analysis were included in Multivariate Logistic regression to analyze the influencing factors of frailty in elderly inpatients.P < 0.05 was considered statistically significant.Results:(1)There were 142(87.1%)cases of frailty and 21(12.9%)cases of non-frailty.There were no significant differences in gender,BMI,marital status,education level,whether living alone,insomnia,smoking,drinking,and drinking milk between the non-frailty group and the frailty group(all P > 0.05).The age and number of comorbidities in the frail group were higher than those in the non-frail group,and the height,weight and exercise proportion were lower than those in the non-frail group,with statistically significant differences(all P< 0.05).(2)The prevalence of osteoporosis was 60.7%(99/163)in all subjects,67.6%(96/142)in frail patients and 14.3%(3/21)in non-frail patients.There were significant differences in frailty prevalence and frailty scores among patients with different bone mineral density(all P < 0.001).(3)Pearson correlation analysis was used to analyze the correlation between bone mineral density and frailty score in elderly inpatients.The results showed that vertebral bone mineral density,right femoral bone mineral density,left femoral bone mineral density were significantly correlated with frailty score(r=-0.426,-0.353,-0.424,all P < 0.01).(4)Single factor analysis of influencing factors of frailty in elderly inpatients showed that age,height,weight,number of complications and bone condition were statistically significant(P < 0.05).The above variables were included in Multivariate Logistic regression,and the results showed that age,number of comorbidities and combined osteoporosis were influencing factors of frailty(all P < 0.05).Conclusions : In this study,frailty and osteoporosis accounted for 87.1% and 60.7%,respectively.As bone density levels decrease,the risk of frailty increases in the elderly.There is a significant correlation between frailty and osteoporosis,which is one of the risk factors of frailty.