Comparative Analysis Of Results Of Different Methods Of HIV Antibody Screening Test

ObjectiveThe results of the different testing methods for human immunodeficiency virus(HIV)antibody screening tests were compared with the confirmatory test results,and the optimal signal to cut-off ratio(S/CO)for chemiluminescence immunoassay(CLIA)was obtained as the threshold for reporting preliminary positive results before confirmatory results.MethodsPatients(n=272)admitted to the First Affiliated Hospital of Dali University from January 2019 to July 2022 with positive serological results of HIV antibody screening test were selected,the subjects were divided into two groups according to different preliminary screening tests: 151 patients in the CLIA positive group and 121 patients in the gold immunochromatography assay(GICA)positive group(including positive and weakly positive).According to the results of preliminary screening test and retest test,the patients with positive screening test were divided into 4 subgroups,namely 215 patients in the CLIA positive and GICA positive group(Group A),9 patients in the CLIA positive but GICA negative group(Group B),4 patients in the GICA positive but CLIA negative group(Group C),and the GICA positive and another GICA positive group(Group D)44 patients.General data such as age,gender,screening test(preliminary screening test and retest test)and confirmatory test results of the above study subjects were collected,and statistical analysis was conducted using SPSS 23.0statistical software.Results1.Comparison of different confirmed results: the proportion of males in the positive group was higher than that in the negative group,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.05);2.Comparison between preliminary screening test and confirmatory test: Based on the HIV antibody preliminary screening test in our hospital,there was no significant difference in the diagnostic efficacy of the two tests on the confirmatory test(P>0.05);3.Within-group comparison of GICA group: GICA positive patients was significantly higher than that of patients with weak positive GICA,and the difference between the two was statistically significant(P<0.001);4.Comparison of the four subgroups of preliminary screening and retest test: the positive rate of group A was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.001)and Group C(P<0.001),and the positive rate of group D was significantly higher than that of group B(P<0.001)and group C(P<0.001);5.Comparison between screening test and confirmatory test: the positive rate of the group with double reagent was significantly higher than that of the group with single reagent,and the difference between the two groups was statistically significant(P<0.001);6.The results of the receiver operator characteristic curve(ROC curve)of CLIA are expressed as the area under the curve is 0.988,with the signal to cut-off ratio is 27.400,the diagnostic sensitivity is 90.67% and the specificity is 100.00%,and for the signal to cut-off ratio of 5.050,the diagnostic sensitivity is 100.00% and the specificity is65.71%.Conclusion1.The diagnostic efficacy of CLIA and GICA for positive confirmatory test was similar,and CLIA was slightly higher than GICA;2.The diagnostic reaction of the diagnostic efficacy of double reagent in screening test to positive confirmatory test is higher than that of single reagent;3.The diagnostic efficacy of GICA positive in screening test was higher than that of GICA weak positive;4.The cut-off of the S/CO value for CLIA is 27.400.